Arama Sonuçları

The Midnight Library MY COMMENTS :   Written by author Matt Haig, the work tells the story of a young woman named Nora who attempts suicide and whose life changes as a result of the events she experiences before her death in a surreal environment called the Midnight Library.   The main character, who lives an ordinary and aimless life, feels very weak to hold on to life when one day he sees his cat, the only living creature he loves, dead. When he goes home, he attempts to commit suicide by finishing a box of pills. However, he goes to a place where he thinks he is dead and falls into a surreal library between life and death. The main character, who lives in the mind of Mrs. Elm, the high school librarian, as the director of the library, begins to live his possible lives one by one in this library where all his possible lives are located with his regrets in his life. In these lives, he has lived many options such as being a famous rock star, a polar explorer, a National Geographic photographer, a medal-winning swimmer, an academic writer specializing in philosophy.   In order to stay and die in one of those lives, she must have no regrets there. After dozens of experiences, Nora still cannot find the most suitable place for herself, and after a while she feels even more helpless. However, she finally decides that the most valuable life is her current one. In this process, she realizes both the value of the people in her life, the value she should give them, and many important lessons.   In addition, if Nora died in one of her possible lives, she would never be able to come to the library again and her life would end. Despite this, the main character, after all those experiences, chose the root life, which is one of the most important messages of the work, that is, the survival that caused her to attempt suicide in the first place. The reason for this is that her belief that we can make a lot of changes in our own lives with every decision we make in daily life is fixed as a result of experiences. One of the main reasons why she does not feel like she belongs in any of the other possible lives is that she does not feel like she belongs there because she could not reach the position she is in in those lives with her current state.   Therefore, while the work contains strong philosophical messages, it also gives the impression of a novelized version of personal development books in terms of the messages it conveys, from some excerpts.   The Library, which gives its name to the book, is one of the details that should be noted as an element that also reminds us of the Purgatory layer in Dante's Divine Comedy or the concept of Purgatory in other celestial religions. However, it should be noted that it is not possible for a person who is not dead to be in the Purgatory of the Divine Comedy. The people who come to the Library are neither dead nor fully alive in the worldly sense.   As a result, the work can be considered as one of the novels that contains important messages from beginning to end and manages to keep the reader engaged with a strong plot.   MY QUOTATIONS(*) :   It is not possible for me to be everything I want to be, to live all the life I want to live. But what creates us is pressure. At first you are coal, and thanks to pressure you become diamond. He did not say that coal and diamond are both carbon, but that coal is such an impure carbon that it cannot turn into diamond under any pressure. Scientifically, if you were coal you would remain coal. Maybe that was the real lesson to be learned from life. Every book gives you the chance to live a different life that you could have lived. You see what your life would be like now if you had made different choices… The more possibilities there are, the more lives you have. There are lives in which you make different choices. To better describe it, I would say it's an in-between place. Not life. Not death. Not the real world in the traditional sense. But not a dream either. Neither one nor the other. In short, just the Midnight Library. People were like cities. You didn't hate the whole city just because it had some bad aspects. It might have some parts you didn't like, a few dangerous backstreets and neighborhoods, but the good aspects were what made a city worth living in. “ Want ,” he said in a measured voice, “ is an interesting word. It describes lack. Sometimes we fill the void with something else, and the original desire disappears altogether. Maybe your problem isn’t wanting, it’s lack. Maybe there’s a life you really want .” Nora said, “ Librarians are knowledgeable. They point you to the right books. The right places .” Miss Elm said, “ Absolutely. But you have to know what you like, too. You have to know what to type into that metaphorical search bar. Sometimes you have to try a few things out beforehand to get it right. ” “ Those who have resilience are no different from anyone else ,” Nora said. “ The only difference is that they have a goal in mind and are determined to achieve it. Resilience is the ability to maintain focus in a life where our attention is easily distracted. ” The basis of freedom is disobedience. Those who obey will only become slaves. Being a part of nature meant being a part of the will to live. Perhaps even those who lived the most seemingly intense and worthwhile lives ultimately felt this way. There were a few miracles and beauties amidst the acres of disappointment, monotony, pain, and competition. Absolute fame meant reaching a level where you would be seen as a hero, genius, or god with minimal effort. If we could understand that there is no way of life that would make us immune to pain, everything would be much easier. That pain is part of the nature of happiness. That one cannot exist without the other. But we cannot live in pure happiness forever in any life. Thinking that such a life could exist only increases our unhappiness in the life we live. “ If you want to win at chess, you have to understand one thing ,” said Miss Elm . “ And this is what you have to understand: The game is not over until it is over. It is not over if you have only one pawn left. Even if you are a pawn, which we all are, you must never forget that the pawn is the most magical piece. It may seem like a tiny and ordinary thing, but it is not. Because no pawn is just a pawn. Every pawn is a queen waiting to emerge from its cocoon. ” “ Compassion is the basis of morality ,” the philosopher Arthur Schopenhauer once said on a good day. According to Nora, there were three kinds of silence in relationships. Of course, the passive-aggressive silence, the I-don't-have-anything-to-talk-about silence, and then there was the kind of silence she and Eduardo had achieved. The silence of not having to talk. Just being together, togetherness. Like when you're not bothered by being silent when you're alone. You didn't have to like every aspect of a life to continue experiencing it. It was enough to hold on to the idea that there was a life you would enjoy. Similarly, liking a life didn't mean you had to stay in it. But you could stay in a life you couldn't imagine being better at indefinitely, and yet, paradoxically, as each life you tried expanded your imagination a little more, it became easier to imagine something better as the number of lives you experienced increased. He realized that he wanted to end his life not because he was in pain, but because he had convinced himself that there was no way to relieve the pain. This was both what created depression and the difference between fear and despair. “ We only know what we can perceive. Everything we experience is ultimately what we can perceive. It's not what you look at, it's what you see that matters .” Nora had now realized that no matter how honest you are in life, people can only see things that are closest to their own reality. The real problem is not the lives we regret not having lived. The problem is regret itself. We don't have to listen to every piece of music ever made to understand music.   MY EVALUATIONS:   Subject : The work tells the story of a young woman named Nora who attempts suicide and whose life changes as a result of the events she experiences before her death in a surreal environment called the Midnight Library.   Style: The author has managed to construct the plot, which is one of the requirements of the novel genre, in an impressive way thanks to his simple narration and generally short sentence structures. Thanks to the style, the messages that are intended to be given can be clearly understood and internalized by all readers.   Originality : The work definitely deserves to be counted among the truly original novels in terms of its subject matter. Both the philosophical meanings it contains and the extraordinary foundation of the fictional structure more than meet the requirements of this element.   Character : The character scheme in the work has been careful to avoid unnecessary character clutter from the beginning to the end. Nevertheless, by the end of the work, many readers do not remember more than 3 or 4 characters. Nora's brother Joe, her father, her mother, her ex-boyfriend Dan and of course the library director Mrs. Elm are at the forefront of these. Although this may seem like a positive element at first glance, it creates a difficult effect for the messages given by the supporting characters to be remembered because the sections of the characters are very short. On the other hand, although some characters are used as supporting characters in the work, they manage to give impressive messages despite their short sections.   Fluency : The work is a book that can be read from beginning to end easily and in one go. For this reason, it should definitely be stated that it is a fluent book. It should also be stated that it is an engaging work. Only the feeling that the sections where the main character has continuous life experiences, especially in the middle sections of the book, have no purpose after a certain point should be stated as an element that makes the immersion stagnate for a short time.   General : In the evaluation made out of 10 according to the criteria stated above:   Subject: 8 Style: 8 Originality: 8.5 Character: 7.5 Fluency: 8   The overall average of the work, which received its scores, is 8 points . The work, by reaching the 8 threshold, shows that it is definitely among the novels that must be read. It can be evaluated as a one-to-one for novel lovers with its important life lessons and gripping story.   (*) : All parts under the title My Quotations: THE MIDNIGHT LIBRARY Author : Matt Haig Publisher : Domingo Publishing Edition : 22nd Edition – August 2023 The photo used on the cover was used as a quote from the book.

The Cherry Orchard MY COMMENTS :   Written by author Anton Chekhov, the work tells the story of a wealthy Russian family who eventually get rid of their famous house with a cherry orchard due to their extravagance and desire for luxury.   The work begins with the return of the main character named Ranevskaya, who constantly envies the West and spends all her wealth to live like them and travel in Europe, as in Recaizade Mahmut Ekrem's work Araba Sevdası, from a tour of France.   Radevskaya, who has loved the cherry orchard on the land where their house is located since her childhood, continues to spend her money lavishly on many people around her, despite their financial difficulties. On the one hand, the farm owner tries to relieve his emotional emptiness in this way, on the other hand, despite the auction date of the farm being set, he still does not take the possibility of it being sold seriously.   Although his merchant acquaintances, Lopahin, repeatedly told him that they could earn a significant amount of money annually by adding summer houses to the farm, the landlord, who was unwilling to do so, began to lament and lament when the cherry orchard was sold on the day of the auction. Lopahin, whose father was a former farm slave, bought the farm at the auction and decided to put his plan into action himself.   At the end of the work, after the sale, all the household members decide to pack up their belongings and move abroad with the money from the sale while the trees in the cherry orchard are being cut down.   As can be seen, the work also draws a portrait of the Russian society at the end of the 19th century. It can be said that some bitter experiences in the westernization process in Tsarist Russia were experienced by the Russians as well as the Ottomans. The Russian people, who began to lose their own essence and tried to imitate the West and broke away from themselves, became enemies of their own values. In the work, some of the advice given by the character Firs, a former slave and servant of the house, regarding production and what needs to be done seem like nonsense to everyone, and no one takes his experience seriously. Again, especially the farm owner and his family are very careless about what is happening and only think of going to Europe and continuing their lives in their orderly civilization.   In the work where the Russian intellectuals are mentioned, the words of the character Lopakhin in the quotes show that one of the biggest problems of the Russian intellectuals, which has continued until today, was also experienced in the neighboring country during the Ottoman and later republican periods. The group called the intellectuals, as Cemil Meriç said, thought that since they obtained their only income and profit from being wealthy, emulating the West and imitating them was enough to be intellectuals. However, it is clearly understood from our recent past that only a formal understanding of Westernism, without looking like them and understanding them, caused our country to lose years. It is understood that the same issue was also the case in the last periods of Tsarist Russia and that the real collapse came due to cultural collapse.   In the work, which contains very similar and important social analyses by the author, other period problems are also touched upon in a very impressive way, in addition to the theme of extravagance.   In conclusion, the work deserves to be read as one of the most important theater works for Chekhov lovers in understanding Russia of the period.               MY QUOTATIONS(*) :   Gayev: “ If more than one treatment is recommended for a disease, it means that there is no cure for that disease .” Anya “ The less you talk, the more peace you will find .” Yepihodov “ I am an enlightened person, I read different and remarkable books, but I can never decide which direction I want to go, whether I want to live or shoot myself; that is why I always carry a gun with me, just in case .” Charlotte: " All this smart team is so stupid that there's no one to talk to ..." Lopakhin: " For money, Germans make French out of Russians ." Trofimov: " Humanity is advancing by perfecting its powers. What is unattainable to man at present will one day become attainable and understandable; all that is necessary for this is to work and to assist with all one's might those who seek the truth. We, in Russia, have very few people who are doing decent work at the moment. Most of the intellectuals I know do not do any research. They sit around without moving a muscle; and they do not seem to work very hard. On the one hand they pretend to be intellectuals, on the other hand they address their servants as "you", they treat the peasants like animals; they are not well educated, they do not read anything serious, they do absolutely nothing. And it turns out that all the fine talk we do is only to deceive ourselves and others ." “ It is enough to start doing something to realize how few honest, decent people there are .” Lopahin Trofimov: " We have fallen behind by at least two hundred years, we have not made a single bit of progress; we do not even have a clear perspective on the past, we only philosophize and complain or drink vodka. It is clear that in order to begin to live now, we must first pay the price for the past, we must come to terms with it; and we can do this only through suffering, only through constant, great effort ."   MY EVALUATIONS:   Subject : The work tells the story of a wealthy Russian family who finally get rid of their house with a famous cherry orchard due to their extravagance and desire for luxury.   Style: Written in the theater genre, the work also includes a plot similar to event-based novels. In this way, the messages to be given are clearly conveyed to the reader through the characters in the dialogues.   Originality : The work should be considered as one of the books that does not have any concerns about originality due to its genre and subject.   Character : The character scheme in the work has been created as it should be, without being too crowded. In this way, in addition to the messages that are intended to be given, it should also be noted that there is no distraction for the reader as a result of too many characters.   Fluency : The work clearly shows that it has a fluent narrative when the issues mentioned in the style and character sections are taken into account. However, it should also be stated that it is not a gripping theater work due to the treatment of its subject and plot.   General : In the evaluation made out of 10 according to the criteria stated above:   Subject: 8 Style: 8 Originality: 4 Characters: 8 Fluency: 7.5   The overall average of the work, which received 7.1 points, is 7.1 . Considering that the work passed the 7 threshold and the social messages it conveys, it can be considered one of the Chekhov classics that are recommended to be in the library.   (*) : All parts under the title My Quotations: THE CHERRY ORCHARD Author : Anton Chekhov Publisher : Koridor Publications Edition : Istanbul - 2023 The photo used on the cover was used as a quote from the book.

"Change" in CHP 27.04.2025 After Mr. Özgür Özel was elected as the chairman, the process that was initiated under the name of normalization and the increase in bilateral contacts with the AK Party and our President increased our hope for the future as a people after a long time. Following these steps, as a result of both certain statements made by the party staff and the emergence of new trump cards within the party, it began to be generally accepted that the change in the CHP was aimed at gaining time against its own voters. It would not be wrong to say that the struggle for seats within the party, which broke out at the statute convention right after the local elections, created the belief within the CHP that Özgür Özel was not a leader but a mediator. Despite a long preparation for a speech by the Ekrem İmamoğlu team, the speech crisis that was reported to Mansur Yavaş one hour before the end, which was also reported by Özgür Özel, ended with a complaint from Mr. Yavaş. Although Özgür Özel tried to bring the two together and give a pose of unity, Mansur Yavaş does not seem to be convinced. In the early election exclamations that they occasionally expressed after the local elections, the party whose chairman did not even think of running for office, this time instead of remaining passive like the last time, Mansur Yavaş started to give signals to his party. Although he continued his old cautious attitude with the statements of “ If my party nominates a candidate, I will be a presidential candidate ”, this time being asked these questions more consciously or unconsciously has already increased the factionalism within the party. On the other hand, Ekrem İmamoğlu has not refrained from making open moves to increase his dominance within the party in the process that has continued from the congress period to the present day. Although he wanted to be nominated in the previous election, he had to bow to Kılıçdaroğlu's pressure. However, this time, he showed up in the squares as if to make everyone feel that he did not see a party leader who could put pressure on him. He has already started to take the cheering group he formed with the IMM staff to the meetings and rallies he goes to outside the city. In addition to what happened, the fact that former Izmir Metropolitan Municipality Mayor Tunç Soyer recently declared his intention to become the party chairman seemed to increase the number of poles within the party. However, it was clearly seen in the Party Assembly elections that Soyer's influence within the party was not very high. In this case, the change expressed by the party chairman seems to have served no purpose other than drawing the reaction of the base with statements that sometimes draw reaction within the party. Although the administration in the CHP has changed, it is clear that the chaos within the party has not ended and has even intensified. Even Cemil Tugay, who became the Mayor of Izmir Metropolitan Municipality with the support of Özgür Özel, is still trying to eliminate the team from the Kılıçdaroğlu era, while the pollution in the Gulf of Izmir seems to have taken a backseat despite all these problems. Therefore, there has been a change in the party, but the chaos has not yet been resolved. When this is the case, both his own base does not listen to the call for early elections, and the arguments put forward by the party staff do not find any response in the public opinion. It became clear in the political process that Özel came to power that change cannot be achieved by just talking about change. Although the Animal Rights bill occupied our country's agenda for months, only one bill came from the CHP. While even HUDA-PAR, which everyone reacted to, presented a very constructive bill, and the IYI Party contributed to the process with two bills, the main opposition party's attempt to turn the issue into street demonstrations with a 3-article bill was perceived as nothing more than a manifestation of the " same old, same old " mentality by our people. Again, while so much progress has been made in the Somalia mandate, especially in terms of developing our military and economic activities in that region, the disastrous Blue Homeland comments of the Chairman's advisor could not change the opinion of the undecided voters that the expectation of change towards the CHP was again nothing more than rhetoric. Regarding Gaza, especially at the beginning, a clichéd opposition statement was made, lacking depth and saying “ what are we doing ” with Hamas opposition. When this discourse did not hold, attempts to turn the tide by suddenly switching to “ you are doing business with Israel ” and “ you do not support Palestine ” discourses could not reduce the negative impact on undecided voters. The fact that the person who said, " Why am I mourning because one Arab died ?" and who was a representative of the Hamas leader and called 50% of the country idiots, was present as a protocol guest next to the party chairman at a historically important opening such as the Izmir Fair clearly showed that there was only a change of seats in the CHP and that the mentality had not changed yet. İmamoğlu, who felt the need to declare his candidacy approximately 3 years before the elections in order to cover up the results of his investigation for approximately 2 months, has announced to the country that Özel is a figurehead leader just like Kılıçdaroğlu. Even though Kılıçdaroğlu has made his candidacy accepted by his alliance in the 2023 elections despite many reactions, the fact that Özel did not even make any effort in this regard has clearly revealed who won the Congress thanks to him. Although many more examples can be added to the list; following the emergence of the İmamoğlu criminal organization, we came across a political party leader who encouraged people to take to the streets and made people in the rally area in Maltepe vote on whether to attack the police station or not. During this process, where not even one member of the opposition refrained from vouching for İmamoğlu and his crew, the CHP wanted to carry out the second Gezi attempt by asking for support from Europe and the US. However, due to the sensitivity of the countries in the region and the world regarding Turkey, our developing defense technology and our having a say in many issues in the region, this effort did not receive any response. In contrast, the opposition leader did not hesitate to show clearly who he was really loyal to by openly reproaching the leader of the UK Labor Party and asking, “ Why are we not being supported? ” As a result, it can be clearly observed that the long-standing leadership problem in the CHP has not been resolved. Although this seems positive for the government, unfortunately, as our President has said, it continues to cause us to be deprived of the contributions that a qualified opposition can make to the country. The photo in the image of the article " https://www.yeniakit.com.tr/kart/haber/chpde-catlak-buyuyor-chpli-isim-eylem-baslatiyor-485883.html " Quoted from the address.

The School of Gods MY COMMENTS :   Written by Stefano D'Anna, the work is about the dialogue between the author's first-person narration as the main character and the supporting character named Dreamer, as well as the events and dialogues related to the person's efforts to discover himself.   As can be seen, the work has a very philosophical structure, and although it seems like a personal development book at first glance, it shows that it is much more than that. There is a continuous dialogue between the main character and the Dreamer, and the Dreamer puts the main character in the reader's shoes, first indicating the taboos that are accepted as true from his perspective in life, and then explaining how he can break them.   It should be stated that it has a structure that is likely to be considered radical by the reader in terms of many of the ideas it contains. For example, as can be understood from the sentences in my quotes section, the Dreamer, who states that humans are gods who have lost their memories, states that humans can only achieve the idea of becoming by realizing their own potential and finding themselves completely. He even claims that humans are prone to immortality with this understanding. In the work, which aims to give its readers memorable lessons with the striking messages it is intended to convey, such exaggerated narrative forms are frequently used.   He also states that, depending on our state of being and structure, we may experience certain events in our lives in different ways and at different times and not even be aware of them. However, he adds that if we are not aware of our being, the time intervals in the events that happen to us will continue to be a series of situations that we think we cannot control.   The author's argument that people should stay away from religion and ideological views and base their thoughts on their own thoughts is actually an ideology and should be evaluated as an argument that makes people believe in a thought. Therefore, the message given and the context of the message content contain a conflict.   In the section titled “My Quotes”, the author claims that a person cannot help anyone except himself, and in the continuation of the same quote, he claims that people who overcome lies have a chance to help others. This argument is felt as a contradiction with his argument that no one can do anything for anyone else in the first place.   It is necessary to mention the author's thoughts on the connection between acting strategically and lying, which are also expressed in the section of my quotes. Acting strategically, as the author puts it, cannot of course be interpreted as lying. However, if acting strategically includes false statements, the person's perception of himself as a strategist rather than a liar is also lying to himself, as the author mentioned in other sections.   The author, who approaches the religious and ideological understandings mentioned in the above paragraphs from a different perspective towards the end of the book, touches upon the lie-based lifestyle in the imitative lives of people who seem to be devoted to a thought they do not believe in.   As can be seen, the work should be considered as a book covered with important manifestos from beginning to end. It should be noted that, apart from the inconsistent and contradictory expressions in some ideas and thoughts, it contains important messages to guide people's lives in general.   In conclusion, the work is one of the books that contains important messages that especially university-age individuals should read and think about.   MY QUOTATIONS(*) :   Surrender to your world. Go and consciously accept what you have created: a fixed, ignorant world… a dead world. A person's power lies in possessing himself and at the same time surrendering to himself. Being addicted is always a personal choice, even if it is unintentional. No one or nothing can force you to be addicted; only you can do that for yourself. Being addicted is the result of an unhealthy mind that has fallen captive to its own fears and fantasies… The state of addiction is the visible result of abandoning the dream. Being poor means giving up one's right to creativity in exchange for work one does not enjoy and does not choose to do. Everything we see and touch, everything visible comes from something invisible. The future, like the past, is laid out before your eyes, but you cannot see it yet. A person cannot change the events in his life, only the way he views them. The Dreamer once explained, when discussing the love/fear polarity, that the true meaning of the word love can be found in the etymology of its Latin equivalent, a-mors, meaning the absence of death or immortality. In fact, the name of the immortal city of Rome was the word “amor” spelled backwards, and this was no coincidence. Rome had its immortal destiny sealed within it by its founder. The belief that death is invincible is harmful to humans. How long you live is determined by your state of mind and your will to live. Father S. said, as if to conclude the subject, “ Lying, hiding, complaining and trying to escape from one’s own responsibilities are the scars carried by a person who has fallen into error and division and has forgotten the purpose of his life .” “ Once humanity has given up on its birthright and forgotten its integrity, it has invented death as a solution to end its suffering. Instead of trying to overcome itself and its own shortcomings, which is a difficult task, man chooses to die. But death is not a solution. Man always starts again where he left off.” Lupelius founded the School of Gods, a means of transportation, a school of responsibility, to show the way back to simplicity, integrity and the buried will of fragmented humanity. The Dreamer “ Socrates used death to understand! In that extraordinary moment he realized that death was nothing more than a step on the path to healing, a long rung on the ladder of wholeness. This was his last and greatest teaching .” Winning meant overcoming oneself, overcoming doubts, fears, and ignorance. “ Lupelius used to say to his students ,” he said, and then fell silent for a brief, interminable moment. His lips trembled as he quoted his master’s words, “ You are Gods who have forgotten… Gods who have lost their memory .” You always encounter the same events because nothing changes in you. Those who experience heaven go to heaven, those who experience hell go to hell. According to the philosophy of Lupelius, our states of Being attract appropriate events, and these events cause us to re-experience the same states we are in. The unexpected always requires a long preparation period. No external event, whether conscious or unconscious, happens to a person without his consent. Nothing can happen without passing through a person's thoughts. That is why thought is the greatest power. Situations are events waiting for the right time to happen. Our thoughts are our destiny. As the quality of our thoughts increases, the quality of our life also increases. Life on Earth is a School for Gods. Confusion, doubt, turmoil, crisis, anger, despair, and pain are all excellent opportunities to be used for growth. Life is made up of states of mind as much as it is made up of events, and even more so. For example, when we go to a lecture or to the theatre, we believe that we have chosen where we will sit, or we may swear that the dress we will wear this morning was our own choice. In fact, it is not we who have chosen our seat or our clothes, but our state of being. Coincidences and unexpected events had no place in their unique and original lives, which were not subject to any divine judgment. Whenever people come together, whether for years or just a few minutes, they form a pyramid. Just as the planets are arranged according to a calculation such as their brightness, mass, orbit and distance from the sun, so too do people arrange themselves on the rungs of an invisible ladder according to a mathematical calculation within themselves. We may do this without realizing it, but on the other hand, our destiny, our quality of life and the events that happen to us also have to respect this hierarchy. When something happens to us, we think that the psychological state we find ourselves in is the result of an event. Thus, we justify our state of being with events that occur outside of us, when in fact it is the opposite. However, in reality, throughout our lives, it is our state of being that determines and announces in advance the events that occur outside of us. Our negative emotions become the adversities that we complain about over time. Eat less, dream more. Sleep less, breathe more. Die less, live forever. A man's life is the shadow of his dream, the manifestation of his principles and all that he believes in. Everyone has seen that what he firmly believes in is realized, down to the last detail. Man always creates. The obstacles he encounters are the materialization of his own limitations, conflicting ideas, and weakness. Some believe in poverty, some worship disease, some believe in constant scarcity and restriction, and some have pinned all their hopes on crime... Man always creates, even when imprisoned in the dungeons of his own being. When the time comes, we will all achieve the goals we have set for ourselves… In the end, we will all win… We will all become what we believe in. “ Your most unshakable belief, your most harmful belief, is that you believe in a world outside yourself, in something or someone on whom you depend, in something or someone who gives you or takes from you, who chooses or blames you,” said the Dreamer . The greatest revolution, the greatest of all undertakings, even the only meaningful one, is to change oneself. Dreamer “ No one on earth can love you more than your enemy ”. While the attacks and humiliations against you continue with all their cruelty, learn to smile inside. The Antagonist (the opposing, hostile person) whom you must fight outside must be forgiven inside immediately! Forgiveness can only happen inside. Only the person who is determined to defeat himself encounters the antagonist. There is no hostility in the fall, it is a painless and free fall. Believing belongs to the art of dreaming and is the deepest quality of the dreamer. At the root of believing (cre-do) is creativity (cre-ed, cre-ation). Dreaming is the most real thing that exists. Everything is interconnected, nothing is separate. You can only have as much as you are responsible for. According to the Dreamer, the root cause of all our problems is our being caught up in past memories or fantasies about the future. Give what you have to those who want to be in your place. Then you will realize that everything you have, the things you hold most dear to in your life, are nothing but misery traps compared to what awaits you. The more dead a person is, the more work he fills his day with. A sane person shows absolute respect for the traditions, customs, traditions or religious beliefs of those who accept him in the cultural environment he is in. His self-understanding and intelligence guide his choices. There is no justice more just than injustice! Injustice is the highest model of justice; the most objective! The situation that the average person calls injustice is a source of life that enables him to reach a higher level of perfection and understanding. Injustice is the expression of mercy. One day, science will discover that there are not so many diseases. Beyond the apparent multiplicity and complexity of their symptoms, there is only one disease: thought. A person is as much as he understands. People have different levels of understanding. This is the real inequality between them! Love (a-mors) means the absence of death. To love means to love oneself in one's essence, to eliminate any harm one can do to oneself. Living strategically does not mean being opportunistic, and it does not mean lying. It is the warrior's ability to adapt his or her own image to what the world is ready to receive and what the circumstances require. A person can only have as much money as he dreams, visualizes and imagines in his mind. The food of existence is intention. The food of the mind is tranquility. The food of the body is fasting.   MY EVALUATIONS:   Subject : The work is about the events and dialogues between the author's first-person narration as the main character and the supporting character named Dreamer, and the person's efforts to discover himself.   Style: The work, which progresses in the form of a continuous dialogue between two characters and sometimes in the form of the narration of the main character, succeeds in conveying the messages it wants to give to the reader many times with simple and clear expressions.   Originality : Although the subject matter is not considered original, it should be noted that it contains extraordinary messages about what a person can do and their beliefs in life. In this respect, it can be said that the work has a more original style and content than expected for its type.   Character : The book progresses through two characters in the work, with the main character speaking to the supporting character named Dreamer in the first person, as if he were the author himself. Especially with the Dreamer character, the messages that are intended to be given in the work are constantly conveyed to the reader in a harsh and striking way.   Fluency : When the style and other elements mentioned are taken into consideration, it can be clearly understood from its genre that the work is not a gripping book. However, it can be stated that it has a generally fluent language. The only shortcoming in terms of fluency is that the book repeats some messages to the reader in different sections.   General : In the evaluation made out of 10 according to the criteria stated above:   Subject: 8.5 Style: 8 Originality: 8 Characters: 8 Fluency: 7   The overall average of the work, which received 8 points, is 7.9 points . The work, which has almost reached the 8 threshold and provides important life lessons with the messages it contains, is of great importance for university students in particular to read it and question their perspective on life, as stated in the comments.   (*) : All parts under the title My Quotations: THE SCHOOL OF GODS Author : Stefano D'Anna Publisher : Sinedie Publishing Edition : 18.03.2015 The photo used on the cover was used as a quote from the book.

Cavers MY COMMENTS :   In the work written by Cemil Meriç, detailed descriptions of the concepts of intellectuals in the Western and Russian worlds and the reflections of this group on the intellectual community in our country are examined with historical elements.   The author first explains the terms intellectual, 'alyan' and 'intellectual', which are not widely known apart from these two terms, but derived from Russian, in the light of etymological elements, and then expresses how these groups have undergone changes as a result of important events in history. Finally, the author, who talks about how the equivalents of these changes occurred in our country's history, especially states that the real meanings of these expressions are emptied and a group that has no knowledge about society is called intellectual. Today, as can be seen in many areas, it is seen that the achievements of many so-called intellectuals who speak as if they were experts on every subject are actually only one-sided imitations of western works. The author did not neglect to mention the segment of the western imitation in our country as of the Tanzimat. The Young Turks, as they were called at the time, who took over the administration after the coup that took place with the Babıali Raid, quickly collapsed during the difficult times of the empire and suddenly dragged the Ottoman Empire into World War I. From this period and the aftermath, our people were constantly indoctrinated that the West was a role model to be followed.   It is seen that our young minds who go to the West have evolved into people who are far from their own countries when they return. Namık Kemal, who stated that we are 200 years behind the West, and the claim that we need 200 years to be like them is an attempt to drag our society into an acceptance in the direction of not even attempting to close the gap with this understanding. Unfortunately, since this mentality tries to imitate the West without even understanding its basic values, our country has taken on an identity that seems neither Western nor Eastern as a result of the deficiencies in this regard. It is obvious that the problems in question continue today, but we are now a country that has accelerated its westernization process. Unfortunately, this situation can cause some of our ancient traditions and customs to gradually disappear. However, it is promising to see that we are not surrendering to the populist rhetoric and claims of global powers as well as Western states.   The work also provides detailed analyses of the etymological origin of the word revolution, which came to the world agenda with the French Revolution, and shows that this concept has been transmitted in several versions as a political appetizer both in our republican history and in the post-Tanzimat period. Revolution, which was later called revolution instead of revolution, has been multiplied with the effort to increase its homophones as much as possible, although it did not lose its essential meaning.   The clearest example of a revolution in our country is the declaration of the republic. He stated that the revolutions that took place after the declaration of the republic should be defined as the reforms that took place after the revolution. He also specifically stated that Atatürk used the term revolution instead of revolution.   The reform most criticized by the author is the alphabet reform. He states that Ottoman Turkish started to become Turkish after the Tanzimat and that the difficulty of writing and pronouncing some Turkish words with Arabic letters is not sufficient reason to change a whole language accumulation. Instead, he states that Ottoman Turkish should be renewed by meeting some concepts from the West within its Turkishified structure, as it was before.   Considering the abundance of quotations from the work, it is obvious that it is not possible to touch upon each subject one by one. Moreover, the author has made all his analyses and descriptions by citing many sources and using examples. For this reason, it is obvious that at least the items in the quotations section should be examined in detail.   In conclusion, the work deserves to be considered as one of the important reference books that expresses with important examples that our country, especially the intellectual section, has remained an imitator of the West, unable to fulfill its responsibilities for 200 years, and makes detailed comparisons of some concepts that are still not fully distinguishable in our daily lives.               MY QUOTATIONS(*) :   We cannot call every graduate an intellectual. However, people who have received higher education are candidates for intellectuals. The intellectual is critical because he does not experience events, he watches them from the outside. Then the shortest way to get himself accepted is to create astonishment in his surroundings. In our time, an intellectual is a man who makes discoveries and studies that will renew and change the world: According to this definition, neither men of letters, nor historians, nor philosophers will be considered intellectuals. The left is sometimes a friend and sometimes an enemy to the intellectual. More precisely, the intellectual deserves applause, provided that he is one of them. He is not an intellectual knowledge carrier. He is an independent fighter who risks every battle in the name of truth. ( In Western languages, clerics are both priests, intellectuals and notary candidates… How did the word embrace these various meanings? Let’s take a look at the dictionary: “ During the barbarian invasions, knowledge and wisdom took refuge in monasteries and churches and remained there for centuries. The people were in a dark ignorance; anyone who had a little knowledge compared to their contemporaries and who could understand the alphabet was a member of the church, at least with his cassock and shaved head. For this reason, all intellectuals were called clerics. A slave who became a priest would gain freedom; for the city dweller, being a priest meant a calmer life, and being free from tributes and attacks. The rulers were so eager to spread education that prisoners who could read and write were often spared. All positions, all offices belonged to members of the church. Priests were not only ministers, not only ambassadors, not only consultants; they also held professions that are completely reserved for non-religious people today. The courts were monopolized by the clergy: lawyers, university professors, notaries, doctors, etc. Those who were engaged in free professions could only obtain a marriage license at the end of the 14th century. This situation continued until the revolution. Many clergy who were freed from church rules and rejected celibacy remained loyal to the clergy in order to benefit from church justice. As the power of the rulers increased, church courts lost their importance and these courts only heard the cases of priests. And the word clergy no longer meant an intellectual, but as it does today, it meant a notary assistant or a candidate lawyer . Sartre-Jean-Paul “ The 18th century is the Golden Age of the intellectuals. Philosophers born, educated and brought up in the bourgeoisie are in complete agreement with it .” The grandchildren of philosophers gave themselves a new name in the last thirty years of the 19th century: Intellectual. The economic infrastructure had changed considerably, the working class had become stronger, and bourgeois ideology had disintegrated. The job expected of intellectuals was to protect the interests of the ruling class based on technical knowledge, to strengthen and sustain its ideology against hostile ideologies. Their job was not to unite humanity, but to continue privileges. Unless the gap between book life, theoretical knowledge and daily routine is bridged, contemplation will tend towards one of two poles: utopia or brainwashing. Unless you liquidate culture, you cannot destroy society. (Paul Robert defined the Intelligentsia as a Russian word that passed into French at the end of the 19th century: " The class of intellectuals in Tsarist Russia. Most of the members of the nihilist movement were from the intelligentsia. In a broad sense: Intellectuals .") It is wrong to characterize their behavior as a break from the homeland, a separation from the Russian people. Dostoyevsky calls the intelligentsia “the great vagabonds of the Russian land.” They were under strict surveillance. They were cut off from the world around them. This isolation imprisoned them in thought. They could not engage in politics. In the 1840s, there were 3,000 university students in this country (Russia), which had a population of 50 million. In the 1860s, when the population exceeded 60 million, the number of university students was 4,500. In the 1870s, there were around 5,000. The Slavs among the Russians are in favor of royalism. Because it is better for a single person to shoulder the power than for the people to be tainted with such a slander. The people cannot shoulder material power, they are under the command of religion. Nothing that does not agree with reason is real. Nihilism denies God, the soul, and the highest values. But this denial is also a religious act. Let it not be forgotten that Nihilism was born out of orthodoxy. Chernychevsky “ Events can divert the flow of the river, slow it down, or speed it up. But they are temporary .” There are no laws in art, everyone has their own understanding of beauty. Populism is a belief in the Russian people; by people we mean the working masses and, to a large extent, the peasants. Russians are enemies of the bourgeoisie from birth and are afraid of capitalism. People grow to the extent of their responsibilities, and when they no longer have responsibilities, their values disappear. The Turkish intellectual is in love with a different unknown every season. In the middle of the last century, he was a reformist, then a revolutionary, then a revolutionist. And since May 27, history has applauded the victory of a new hero: the revolutionary. We are now in a two-cell prison; one cell belongs to the revolutionaries, the other to the reactionaries. There is no eternal essence of revolution. In our opinion, it would be appropriate to use the term coup d'état for either a constitutional change carried out illegally by those in power or for the seizure of the state by an armed group. If this seizure results in the rise to power of another social class or a regime change, it is called a revolution. (Those who are curious about the source of our intellectuals' love of revolution should refer to Raymond Aron's book.) Revolution is a qualitative change, reform is a quantitative change. The first is a leap, the second is a continuation. Reform is a correction, it repairs and strengthens. ( The Arabs use savre as the equivalent of revolution. Revolution is a word in Arabic that indicates disorder and reciprocity, a concrete word. According to the Kamus translation: “ bad state (vinegar): must turning into vinegar… to spear the enemy. The flesh of the body melting and becoming miserable ”. There is no revolution in the book. This means that the Ottomans distanced revolution from its concreteness in Arabic and gave it a more general, more vague, more abstract meaning. The difference in development between two languages, two cultures.) In time, revolution becomes a cute concept for our intellectuals. The attraction of the unknown, danger. However, the word revolution begins to make some writers uneasy, a half-conscious uneasiness. A new equivalent is given next to revolution: revolution. Now let's get to know revolution. " Root, heart: To turn an object back. Taklib: To turn an object back from its aspect ". The Great Turkish Dictionary defines revolution as: To take on a different form and style, to change. In the draft of the reasons for the Civil Code, the "Turkish Revolution" is mentioned. Although Mustafa Kemal uses the word revolution, the revolution he describes is nothing but a revolution: " Revolution: 1- It is to change the existing, outdated institutions by force. 2- It is to destroy the institutions that the Turkish nation has been left behind in recent centuries and to replace them with new institutions that will enable the nation to progress according to the highest civil requirements ." " Revolutions made with blood are more solid (strong)... " According to Pasha... " A revolution without blood cannot be made eternal ." (Speeches and Statements) If we accept the definitions of bourgeois sociologists, revolution is the changes made in the structure of societies by force (Arthur Bauer). Revolution has no eternal essence; if the seizure of power results in a regime change, it is called revolution (Raymond Aron). In this sense, we can speak of an Atatürk revolution. You can define revolution with any word you like. However, the corrections or arrangements made after the revolution are not revolutions but reforms. Therefore, the words revolution, inkılap and devrim are all translations of the same concept, namely revolution. In Western languages, there are two words, only two words, that express social changes: revolution and reform. Revolution in concepts is a sign of revolutionary consciousness, not revolutionaryism. According to the well-known criminal lawyer Garraud, “ The rights of thought come before the protection of society, because the conflict and clash of ideas are an indispensable condition for progress .” In the 20th century, the belief in progress is a sad memory for Europe. The West, struggling in contradictions, seeks help from mysticism. Namık Kemal set foot in London in 1867. The Victorian age was a period when class gaps in English social life deepened. The free, careless English generation of the 18th century gave way to a pale, crooked, feeble generation chained by the bonds of religion and tradition. Since the smells coming from the open canals of London, which lacked a proper sewage system, were disturbing, those living in mansions had to close their doors and claws tightly. (Yusuf Mardin) However, the young poet was neither aware of class conflicts nor of the smells rising from the Thames. His only guide in that tower of Babel, whose language he did not understand, was A. Fanton, whom the imam hoca Tahsin Efendi, who was on duty at the Paris Embassy, described as a very cool man. Girardin said it beautifully: “ Society, like nature, has laws. Written law can ignore them, but it cannot destroy them .” The adjective socialist is more commonly adopted by intellectuals (bourgeois and petty bourgeois intellectuals) and therefore raises suspicion among workers. Indeed, the Declaration signed by Marx and Engels in 1848 is not a declaration of socialism, but of communism. However, Marxism would later introduce itself as scientific socialism, and this term would be used as the name of a certain worldview. The differences between socialism and communism have not been clearly determined to this day. Sometimes they are used in the same sense, sometimes they are given different meanings. Let's summarize: The attitude of the Ottoman intellectuals towards socialism is almost the same. Socialism is a kind of disease experienced in another world. For Cevdet Pasha, it is a deviation whose source goes back to Mezdek. According to Ali Pasha, it is a danger that should not be brought to our borders. Şemsettin Sami admired socialism for a short time. Because he was in love with every innovation, especially innovations coming from Europe. Afghani opposes socialism to participation. Europe’s “ Westernize ” offer had only one meaning: “ Surrender to capitalism ”. Our bureaucrats wanted to appear Westernized rather than to Westernize. The alphabet revolution had rendered our libraries mute. The single party had put a steel corset on consciousness. After the 60s, the barriers were torn down, and isms flowed into our country like a muddy flood. Islam was free, but for the conservatives, it was a pile of nonsense; religion was reactionism. The Republic had long since broken that chain that had been imposed on our consciousness. To be Islamic was to go beyond the age. Education and the press were in the hands of the conservatives. We were cut off from the East. We did not know the West. Civilization cannot be conquered in one go. Translations had brought the debris of a foreign world to our country. In the period when orientalism was in esteem, he became the Ahmet Mithat Efendi of philosophy. Then, he became an orientalist. He saw Islam through the eyes of a Christian and explained it like a Christian. The lesson to be learned from May 27: “The last fifty years of the system have shown all its weaknesses and that it has definitely not been able to work and will not be able to work… Trying to keep the dead alive is a futile endeavor. We deny our ancestors, our ancestors, that is, the Ottomans. Our sole enemy: Turkish-Islamic civilization. Celal Nuri “ Enriching the language is possible by giving it new concepts. We have to take words, not throw them away .” A vandalism that no country has ever seen before is called a revolution: Language Revolution. When this extreme purification is brought to a dead end, a new theory is introduced: Sun Language Theory. This ingenious invention saves the honor of the intelligentsia. Since Turkish is the mother of all languages, why is there any need for purification? But once the arrow has left the bow. After the death of the eternal leader, the intelligentsia goes all out. The language revolution is now at the command of politics. To criticize it is to oppose the state. The intellectual has only one freedom: to destroy the language. Do you remember the debates of 30-40 years ago? The enemy that needs to be destroyed: Ottoman Turkish. The attackers are impudent, the defenders are baseless. The first ones have a magic word on their lips: Revolution And the West behind them. Wasn’t Ottoman Turkish also becoming Turkish? The awakening of national consciousness strengthened this trend even more. Don’t we see the same development in European languages? There is no revolution in language. Old history has never witnessed such madness in any country in the world. As society develops, language also develops. There is no such language as Ottoman. Ottoman is the language of the Turks who settled in Anatolia and adopted Islam. Do you know why Ottoman words should be expelled? They can't be written with the new letters. What a genius justification! We will destroy a thousand-year-old language because the language doesn't conform to the alphabet. Another complaint of the author is this: Arabic and Persian were removed from schools. Young people cannot see the connections between Arabic words that come from the same root. Is this the problem? We can put Arabic and Persian classes in schools, that's it. According to Dostoyevsky, the Europeanization of Russia is a danger. A country cannot and should not break away from its past. In those days, fame and dignity consisted of being someone else, someone much shallower and more unpleasant than ourselves. The crowd, with the unconsciousness of a mussel stuck to a rock, clings to its traditions, pocket-sized and numb. Every once in a while it seems to wake up. Then it falls back into its deep sleep. Not knowing Europe, heedlessness. Those who know Europe are disconnected from their country. How will we escape from this circle of damnation? It is possible to see the truth by living the mistake to the end. While the masses are becoming European, the intellectuals should become Turkified. And I started working. Spinoza died at the age of 40. Nietzsche went mad at the age of 44. I found my way after the age of 44. Ibn Haldun is my guide in the Islamic world. The duty of the thinker is to try to guide (show, warn) the intellectuals who have become disconnected from their people, forgotten their history and lost their way: Guide without anger or weariness. True art does not separate, it unites. I am about to finish a new book: Those in the Cave. This is Plato's cave. We are in it. The Beşir Fuat's, the Ali Suavi's, the Hilmi Ziya's... The century-long drama of the Turkish intellectual. Then the western intellectuals in general and the Russian intelligentsia (intellectuals)   MY EVALUATIONS:   Subject : In this work, the detailed descriptions of the concepts of intellectuals in the Western and Russian worlds and the reflections of this group on the intellectual community in our country are examined with historical elements.   Style: Although the style used by the author can sometimes be tiring for the general readership today, this is especially due to the use of old words. However, it should be stated that a pompous narrative such as Serveti Fünun was not preferred in this regard. Therefore, it should be stated that there is no factor that will stagnate the fluency of the narrative. In order for some definitions to be better understood and for healthier analyses to be made, the author has defined the relevant concept through sources in the country of origin. This situation ensures that concepts that are still problematic to use in their full sense today are evaluated in a more understandable way. In addition to the quotations in question, the real meaning and content of these concepts can be conveyed to the reader in a healthier way with examples. Despite all this detailed analysis, it can be said that the work has not lost any of its fluency.   Originality : The work will not be evaluated in this category due to its nature.   Character : The work will not be evaluated in this category due to its nature.   Fluency : Although it may seem that the work will have a static narrative at first glance when the subject of the work is taken into consideration, when the book is started to be read, it will be clearly seen that there is no problem in terms of fluency. However, as mentioned above, some words need to be examined more healthily by using a dictionary. However, it is obvious that the work should not be expected to be a gripping work due to its type and subject.   General : In the evaluation made out of 10 according to the criteria stated above:   Subject: 9 Style: 8.5 Fluency: 7.5   The overall average of the work that received 8.3 points is . It should be stated that the work, which managed to pass the 8 threshold according to its genre, is one of the books that every Turkish citizen should definitely read in order to better understand some developments in history and to look at events from a different perspective.   (*) : All parts under the title My Quotations: CAVERS Author : Cemil Meric Publisher : İletişim Publishing Edition : 32nd Edition - 2020 The photo used on the cover was used as a quote from the book.

The Letter Killers Club MY COMMENTS :   The work, written by a Russian author, is about the improvised speeches of a select group of writers who hold weekly meetings with each other on a determined topic without making use of any written sources or materials.   At the beginning of the work, the main character tells how the club was founded in the first person. The main character sold his only valuable possessions, the books, in order to go to his mother's funeral, and after returning, he felt quite empty. He then began writing without buying any books. After a while, he became a well-known and popular writer and decided to establish the Letter Killers Club.   The group, which includes writers with three-letter names such as Zes and Rar Tyd, consists of approximately 4 or 5 people. Every week, quite unusual topics are discussed and the process progresses according to whoever's turn it is to speak, and whoever wants to improvise on the determined subject that week.   In the work, after an adventure of approximately 5 meetings, the club meetings were ended as a result of the death of the character named Rar and the book ended with the main character's inner confrontation at this stage.   The meeting topics included the enactment of a narrative in the form of a theater play, why humans do not have three mouths or whether it is possible for humans to live without kissing, eating or talking, a dystopian scenario consisting of a new human species called Ex, where people submit to the system without thinking or researching, and their lives become robots, as in the novels 1984 or Fahrenheit.   The book, which can take its readers to different adventures within the same book in terms of the variety of topics covered, has managed to do this not with completely new characters and plots as in ordinary story books, but with scenarios that emerge as a result of the narration of the worlds of ideas of the same characters.   In addition, some hypotheses and propositions that the work, which also contains important messages about social and human foundations, aims to convey are shown in the quotations section.   In conclusion, the work can be shown among the recommended books for novel readers who want to travel to a different world by examining an extraordinary novel and series of events.   MY QUOTATIONS(*) :   One more book on the bookshelf means one less person in life. If I have to choose between the bookshelf and the world, then I would choose the world. After taking my imaginary books and dreams that filled the black void of my old bookshelves, one by one, I dipped their invisible letters into ordinary ink and transformed them into writings, and the writings into money. Writers are, in essence, professional word trainers; if the words that walk on the lines were living creatures, they would undoubtedly fear and hate the tip of the pen as animals fear and hate a raised whip. Little by little, selected people from the literate world began to gather here, in the absence of letters. My garden of thought is not for everyone, Our numbers are many and will continue to decrease. Because the burden of empty shelves is very heavy. Even if one is doing it professionally or just for fun, one should create space from the thoughts of others and make some space for one's own thoughts. Everyone has the right to choose. Some people have already made their choice. Some have chosen the struggle for existence, others the struggle for nonexistence. The path from small prayers to great supplications passes through insulting religion. Even the purest, the most visible must fall, must be tarnished, even if only for a moment. Otherwise, how else can we know that the pure is pure, the sublime is sublime? Plot characters are very difficult for a writer. Their lives contain so many scenes, encounters and coincidences that if you throw them into a plot, they will immediately make a short story or a novel. The plot characters are inherent in their existence, their plotless lives have strayed from the main path, they are part of an idea, they are secretive and inactive. The man who was haunted by the idea of Eks (Latin for outward), was an idealist and a dreamer. His half-baked wisdom could not put ideas into action, could not restrain dreams. Thoughts and plants can grow in the dark, botany and literature can be done without light. Ideas are like nails, the harder you hit the deeper they go. People are blind. That's why their purpose is empty. Very rarely does anyone drink from a bottle that is not empty. You don't have to travel around the world to explain what's going on inside your head. The answer is right here, inside your head, right next to the question. A riddle is always made up of its answer, the answers are older than the questions, it always has been and always will be. Words are spiteful and stubborn. Anyone who tries to destroy them will sooner or later be destroyed by them.   MY EVALUATIONS:   Subject : The work is about the improvised speeches of a select group of writers who hold weekly meetings with each other on a determined topic without making use of any written source or material.   Style: The narrative and sentence structure in the work are reduced to simple structures. In this respect, it can be stated that a simple and understandable style is used for the reader.   Originality : The work deserves to be evaluated as an original novel genre in terms of its subject and the examples used in the novel.   Character : Although the character scheme is generally composed of the characters in the club, different fictional characters are also included in the dialogues and narrations about the topics discussed. This sometimes overshadowed the messages intended to be given in the narration and had an effect that made it difficult to follow the plot.   Fluency : The work has a narrative that can be read in one go and is sometimes gripping due to its subject matter. Again, considering the issues expressed in the character diagram, it should be stated that it is a bit weak in terms of fluency despite such an original subject, as it sometimes gives a feeling of stagnation.   General : In the evaluation made out of 10 according to the criteria stated above:   Subject: 8.5 Style: 8 Originality: 8 Characters: 6 Fluency: 6   The overall average of the work that received the points is 7.3 points . The work has a subject and originality that definitely deserves to pass the 7 threshold. Although it has managed to arouse the curiosity of its reader thanks to its unusual subject, it can be considered among the books that definitely deserve to pass the 8 threshold if the character scheme is kept simpler and has a more fluent narrative.   (*) : All parts under the title My Quotations: THE LETTER KILLERS CLUB Author : Sigizmund Krjijanovski Publisher : Aylak Adam Publications Edition : 1st Edition - 2023 The photo used on the cover was used as a quote from the book.

Veil and Meaning MY COMMENTS :   In the work written by İbrahim Kalın, our current Undersecretary of MIT and one of the important thinkers of our country, a comparative series of thought articles on the concept of reason in the Islamic thought system and its equivalent in the West are discussed under different headings.   The work contains important messages advising that the views on reason and science, which are given the impression that Western writers are dominant in today's world, should be embodied in our religion in a much more comprehensive way.   The current pragmatic approach has been criticized because the concept of rationality has lost its original meaning since the Enlightenment of the West and has moved away from being an effort to reach virtue and wisdom, which are the main goals of reason, by turning to concrete sciences.   It is also understood that since in our religion, reason is tried to be explained as a single and simple concept, there is no need for a distinction like the western thinkers do. Even when considered from this point of view, it is stated that in Islamic philosophy, reason is one of the most sacred values and it is explained that the human mind, which is limited by the unseen and the unknown, must deal with science in order to reach the truth, the good and the beautiful.   Therefore, it is clearly shown that there is a serious difference of understanding between the concepts of rationalism, enlightenment and reason in the West and the perspective of Islamic thinkers on the same concepts. The concept that the West sees as an organ that will benefit man by reducing the mind to a single concrete structure and observing our visible world, its inferences and; has a content that expresses both our ability to comprehend the power of Allah and our ability to live in harmony with other creatures thanks to his wisdom in our religion. For this reason, in Islamic philosophy, reason expresses the source of actions taken to gain Allah's consent by being aware of the good, the right, the beautiful, the moral, the virtuous, the useful and other useful human values. In the West, on the other hand, the useful and concrete beings, the mind, keeps all kinds of thoughts and information about the unseen world and the mystical aspects of man abstract from this concept.   As can be seen, the work is an important guide in terms of showing how deep the meanings of reason can be and that if this concept is clearly comprehended for humanity, the so-called rational and enlightened understanding that humanity has been living in for 200 years can be truly established and an order befitting a human being can be established.   In conclusion, it should be stated that the work is one of the important books that people of all ages should read in order to develop their world of ideas and dhikr and to remember their true goal again.   MY QUOTATIONS(*) :   Rather than being an independent tool standing on its own feet, reason is a substance that functions within a larger context of existence, intelligibility, and moral thought. The idea of reason and rationality that we encounter in the Quran functions within the context of what I call the metaphysics of creation, which states that the universe was created by a wise God for a specific purpose. This approach begins with the premise that the world has a beginning and an end, and that in His essence everything else ceases to exist. The beginning (mebde) and the end or return to God (mead) provide a range and horizon for our rational views and moral choices. The Enlightenment mind, claiming to be autonomous and self-sufficient, does not accept any external authority such as history, tradition, or religion. It does not reject religion outright, but subjects it to the scrutiny of individual human reason. It draws boundaries for religious belief and does not accept any role or authority of religion outside these boundaries. Kant defined enlightenment as “ man’s liberation from self-imposed tutelage . “ Tutelage is man’s inability to use his own understanding without the guidance of another .” Much of the oppression and ignorance that has shaped human history has been caused by man’s own immaturity. Horatius emphasizes that a person must be persistent in order to achieve his goal by saying , " He who begins a task is only halfway through it; dare to know/dare, begin !" In Latin, the verb sapere literally means “know”. However, this knowing is not an ordinary knowing, but “knowing with wisdom”. The word sapiens, which comes from the same root, does not express inferential/quantitative knowledge, but rather wisdom. Homo sapiens is not a creature that knows quantitatively, but a being that looks at things with a wise eye. With John Dewey's philosophy of pragmatism, what is valuable for a person is the things that provide him with ease and comfort in his practical life. Pragmatism, which expresses the spirit of the age, reduces all kinds of transcendent principles and values to practical benefit. We need to touch upon the bifurcation of reason and intellect, which emerged as a result of a major philosophical transformation in the history of Western metaphysics. In the Islamic tradition, such a distinction has never been made. The word 'aql' means both deductive and intuitive reason in the two contexts discussed above. Freedom is not the removal of all boundaries and rules, but the use of reason together with virtue. As Socrates reminds us, a person does not do wrong knowingly. He first convinces himself that what he is doing is not wrong, and then commits the action. Religion can only be clarified and understood through reason. Reason is like a foundation, religion is like a building. Without a building, the foundation is useless. Without a foundation, the building is not strong. Thinking is not just about enumerating the physical properties of entities or the logical relationships of concepts. The mind works in two ways: from the inside out, in its innate form, and from the outside in, in its acquired form. When the mind becomes a mirror reflecting the truth - which requires serious work, attention and effort - it carries a trace of the divine being that is the source of truth. The light of the mind comes from this light of truth. When the curtain is lifted, the meaning that emerges illuminates the mind. The human mind moves horizontally between facts and concepts and connects them. Vertically, it relates what is below to what is above. The Quran insists that these two axes of causality, the horizontal axis that organizes the world of physical causes and the vertical axis that imposes the "divine command" on the natural world, converge and merge. Because reality is multi-layered and multi-dimensional, it cannot be perceived by a single cognitive method. The unseen world refers to the realm of existence known only to God. Contemplation as wisdom reveals the reason and justification for something. It answers the question of “why” before the “how” because the question of “why” is the beginning of all questions. On the path of wisdom, both knowledge and method must be good, correct and beautiful. We cannot reach true knowledge through wrong methods. One of the fundamental problems of the Islamic world today lies here: There are so many rules in our lives, but so little wisdom. A rule without wisdom is blind, and a wisdom without a rule is lame. Contemplation is another name for the act of ruling with wisdom and protecting wisdom with a rule. Wisdom is to grasp the concepts of good and beautiful simultaneously, for if something is true it is good and if it is good it is beautiful. It is impossible for something that is true to be bad and something that is good to be ugly. (it is impossible, impossible) Therefore, the concepts of good, right and beautiful are a whole and it is not possible to separate them from each other. The word kokoro in Japanese means heart, mind, intellect and soul. In Japanese culture and thought, this concept expresses the inner integrity of man and his harmony with the universe. The word existence (wujud) does not appear in the Quran. However, the conceptual framework within which the world of creation is presented points to an order of existence in which God's creative action is manifested. Existence precedes knowledge. Existence precedes knowledge and encompasses it. Existence is concrete, dynamic, and encompassing. In contrast, the human mind operates with abstract concepts. It transforms existence into an abstract and universal concept that the mind can understand. The mind is the first thing that God created, because God creates things according to a certain order and principle. Therefore, " the mind is the closest thing to the divine ." If we can use our minds to persuade ourselves to read signs in the “visible world,” through correct thinking, we can arrive at a rationally coherent understanding of God and the universe. The vacuum created by the failure of Enlightenment reason has been filled by the new forces of global hyper-capitalism, a culture of nihilism and narcissism, and scientific arrogance. To recover the meaning of being human, man needs a new concept of reason as a “thinking being,” that is, a being who sees, hears, listens, encounters, responds, reacts, contemplates, loves, protects, performs the other acts of human reason, and never loses his vision of the greater reality of which he is a part. When the mind begins to function as a device that connects and protects us to our essence, it will become possible to live in harmony and harmony with our fellow beings, the world of existence, and the Creator.   MY EVALUATIONS:   Subject : In this work, a series of comparative thought articles on the concept of reason in the Islamic thought system and its counterpart in the West are discussed under different headings.   Style: It is seen that the sentences in the author's narrative convey the intended message to the reader in a concise and concise manner. However, it should be stated that the author's extensive vocabulary can be noticed by the reader from the first pages. However, since many words are words we can encounter in daily life, only the meanings of some important concepts are given in parentheses. In this respect, it would be appropriate to state that a vocabulary that can be understood by every reader is used.   Originality : The work should not be evaluated with the originality criteria that can be expected from a fictional novel in terms of its subject and genre. However, it is one of the books that can be considered original in its genre in terms of its method of processing the concept of reason and its ability to evaluate this concept comparatively according to two different cultural and historical understandings.   Character : The work will not be evaluated in this category due to its nature.   Fluency : Considering the issues expressed in the style section, it should be noted that the work has a generally fluent narrative. Although some dictionary usage may be required due to the large vocabulary, this situation is not at a level that will disrupt the reading process. However, it should be stated that it is not possible to evaluate the work in terms of immersion.   General : In the evaluation made out of 10 according to the criteria stated above:   Subject: 8.5 Style: 8.5 Originality: 7 Fluency: 8   The overall average of the work, which received the points, is 8 points . It should be noted that the work has reached the 8 threshold and deserves to be one of everyone's bedside books due to its subject. The work, which allows the differences between two different understandings to be clearly seen in a comparative way, reveals once again how much importance Islam gives to reason and humanity.   (*) : All parts under the title My Quotations: VEIL AND MEANING Author : Ibrahim Kalin Publisher : İnsan Publishing Edition : 7th Edition – February 2023 The photo used on the cover was used as a quote from the book.

A Hunger Artist MY COMMENTS :   The work written by Franz Kafka covers the story compilations that the author created by using allegorical narratives.   Although it may seem at the beginning of the work that some of the stories are short situational stories, it is obvious that especially 3 or 4 of the stories contain serious symbolic messages.   The understanding of justice of the officers and people in the story of the Watchman is defined by summarizing the entire society through two characters. There are important messages about the collapse of the justice system, where people see bribery as a necessity of daily life, and the extent to which the justice mechanism can regress if it is not inspected. Moreover, apart from the narration in the story, it is stated that no matter how well the justice mechanism is established, its good level of inspection is as important as the system itself.   In the story of The Hunger Artist, which gives its name to the work, the experiences of an extraordinary character who finds himself in a hunger performance because he does not like any food are told. Although the main character in the story seems to be the hunger artist himself, the most important messages in the story emerge within the framework of the different views of the audience that watches it. Here, there is both a direct inference about the sad end of fastidious people and it is stated that the message you want to show or give to people will inevitably be understood differently from each other as a result of the experiences people have experienced in their own worlds. Although some thinkers or writers summarize this situation as 'what the other person understands is more important than what you tell', this inference can be seen as an evasive assessment that does not require the person who wants to give the message to think about the depth or quality of the message they want to give by isolating themselves from society and approaching it from an egoistic perspective.   The giver of the message is as important as the receiver. If the message is written with a skillful language, people may have different interpretations, but the main idea will generally be fixed. The more indirect or vague the narration, the more different interpretations there can be, and many different meanings can emerge other than the intended message.   In the story of A Report to an Academy, which again seems like a fable about a monkey, the author has not neglected to benefit from all the depths of allegorical narration. The author, who approaches the concept of freedom with very valuable observations, claims that some concepts such as freedom or democracy, which are still applied today, cause a deception. When considered from some aspects, it will be realized that the message is quite accurate.   As can be seen, the author's collection of stories succeeds in clearly revealing Kafka's world of thought. It can also be considered a very valuable work for those who want to observe the author's unique style in storytelling.   As a result, the work can be evaluated as one of the rare books that deserve to be examined in its full sense by those who are interested in thought writings and among the story collections that contain messages given through symbolic expressions.   MY QUOTATIONS(*) :   " Everyone is trying to reach the law ," says the man, " how come no one but me has asked permission to enter for years? " The guard realizes that the man is on his last legs and roars to reach his hearing, which he is about to lose. " No one else could have asked permission to enter here, because this entrance was only for you. Now I will go and close it ." (Excerpt from the Watchman Story) Many people complain that the speeches of the wise are mere metaphors… Then one of them says, “ Why do you resist? If you followed the metaphors, you too would become metaphors and thus be freed from your daily troubles .” Another says, “ I bet that’s a metaphor too .” And the first says, “ You won the bet .” The second says, “ But only metaphorically .” The first says, “ No, you actually lost metaphorically .” ( Excerpt from the Story of Metaphors ) No one was able to stand guard at the hunger artist's side day and night, without fail, so no one could know whether he had been truly hungry without interruption or without error, only the hunger artist himself could know this, and at the same time he himself would be the only spectator who was completely satisfied with this hunger. He too could never be satisfied for another reason, perhaps not because of hunger but because of his own dissatisfaction with himself, which made him so emaciated and skin-deep. It was the easiest thing in the world. He didn't hide it, but no one believed him, they saw him as modest at best, and most of the time they thought he was either a publicity junkie or a poser who made it easier for himself to starve and was shameless enough to admit it. “ I kept wanting you to admire my hunger ,” said the hunger artist. “ You are our admirers ,” said the inspector warmly. “ But you shouldn’t admire me ,” said the hunger artist. “ Then we won’t either ,” said the inspector. “ Why shouldn’t we admire you? ” “ Because I have to starve, I can’t live otherwise ,” said the hunger artist. “ Because I couldn’t find food that tasted good to me. If I did, I assure you, I would make no fuss and eat my fill, like you and the others .” These were his last words, but in his broken eyes there was a firm, if not proud, conviction that he would continue to starve. ( Excerpts from the Story of the Hunger Artist ) When you think carefully, it becomes clear that the changes that the situation is thought to have undergone over time are not actually a change in the problem itself, but rather a development in my perspective on this problem, because while my view on this issue is partly calmer and more masculine, focusing on the essence of the matter, it also acquires a certain nervousness due to the effect of the ongoing turmoil, no matter how simple, that I cannot accept. In a way, everything is a sign of old age, youth covers everything beautifully, unpleasant details disappear in the endless well of power, if a young man were to look at it with a watchful gaze, he would not be blamed for it, it would not even be noticed, he would not even be aware of it, but what is left in old age are only crumbs, all of them are necessary, none of them are renewed, they are watched and the watchful gaze of an old man is very clear, it is not difficult to detect it at all. ( Excerpts from the Story of a Little Woman ) People around me are like that. They always want the impossible from the doctor. They have lost their old faith, the priest is sitting at home tearing apart the ritual vestments one by one, but they want the doctor to handle everything with his delicate surgical hands. ( Excerpt from the Story of a Village Doctor ) Although I like to explain such things in symbols, to be frank, your monkey past, sir, if you have one, cannot be as distant to you as mine is to me. As for me, I neither wanted freedom then nor do I want it now. By the way, people often deceive each other with freedom. Just as freedom is considered the holiest of feelings, deception is also the holiest. I said to myself, mobilize all your strength to enter the variety show, this is your way out, the zoo is just a new cage for you, once you get in it, you are finished. Ah, you learn when you have to, you learn when you want to find a way out, you learn without caring. You discipline yourself with a whip, you tear yourself apart at the least resistance. ( Excerpts from the Story of a Report to an Academy )   MY EVALUATIONS:   Subject : The work deals with story compilations created by the author using allegorical narratives.   Style: The work has been created by using symbolic expressions from beginning to end. However, it is obvious that the author has a very developed pen in terms of both descriptions and emotional depictions in situation-based storytelling. In the work, these two forms of expression are adorned with event-based allegorical expression when appropriate, thus enabling the storytelling of very deep thought-writings.   Originality : Some of the stories in the work have generally met the originality criteria that can be expected from story books, both in terms of their subject matter and narrative style.   Character : The character scheme in the stories is formed as densely as it should be in terms of the type of book. In general, the messages intended to be given through one or two main characters can be clearly expressed.   Fluency : The work may give a feeling of stagnation because it does not have a message concern due to some of the short situation stories it contains. However, it should be stated that it is one of the valuable story collection books prepared with both an engaging and fluent language, except for a few stories.   General : In the evaluation made out of 10 according to the criteria stated above:   Subject: 8.5 Style: 9 Originality: 8 Characters: 8 Fluency: 7.5   The overall average of the work, which received the scores, is 8.2 points . The story collection, which passed the 8 threshold and contains valuable messages with symbolic narration, can definitely be considered one of the books that must be read.   (*) : All parts under the title My Quotations: A HUNGER ARTIST Author : Franz Kafka Publisher : Zeplin Book Edition : 1st Edition - 2020 The photo used on the cover was used as a quote from the book.

Karabibik MY COMMENTS :   Written by Nabizade Nazım, the work tells the story of the internal conflicts and life struggles of a villager named Karabibik, who goes through on his way to realize his dream of buying two oxen to work in his field.   Written in the last years of the Ottoman Empire, the work aims to make the reader experience scenes from life directly by using a naturalistic style that goes beyond Nabizade Nazım's realism. For this reason, the narration in the work constantly makes the reader feel as if they are in a movie.   Moreover, it is mentioned in the introduction that before the work was written, Nazım went to the village where the subject of the book takes place and based it on the real-life character Karabibik.   Karabibik aims to buy two oxen to work on the field he inherited. However, since he has accumulated receivables from merchants, he cannot achieve his goal no matter how insistent he is on borrowing again.   She lives at home with her lazy daughter, who is almost thirty years old, and she is very dissatisfied with her family life. She points out her daughter, who does not want to do anything, as the biggest factor in this.   As can be seen, the work was not written with the aim of designing an event-based, gripping content, but was written with the aim of making the author's Naturalism felt to the reader on every page of the book as much as possible. In this respect, it should be noted that it is one of the milestones in Turkish literature that should be examined by literature lovers.   It should also be noted that the author, with his observation skills and narrative techniques, has managed to take the reader into Karabibik's mind and take him to the 1890s. It should be shown as an important element that he can tell the difficult life of an Anatolian farmer in the late Ottoman period of the 1890s, when the commercial life was under the control of non-Muslims, in a short and simple manner in approximately 35 pages.   In addition, thanks to the author's observational ability, it has been seen that sometimes traces of travel writing, sometimes a character analysis, and sometimes social portraits and analyses are frequently included in the work. It is also obvious that these three types of narration are prepared in harmony without disrupting the structure of the work.   In conclusion, the work can be considered as a guide for readers who want to follow the westernization process of Turkish literature in the late Ottoman period and as one of the books worth examining.   MY QUOTATIONS(*) :   A writer whose name seems strange to us: Nabizade Nazım, that is, Nazım, the son of Nabi… According to Nabizade, only novels written in a naturalistic way can be called novels. Young Nabizade's resistance on this issue would so anger Ahmet Mithat that he would write the novel Müsahedat, which included the observation feature, one of the mainstays of naturalism, in its title. Nabizade Nazım would try to produce a truly naturalistic novel, crowning her fight against Ahmet Mithat in her only full-fledged novel, Zehra, to be published after her very young death from bone tuberculosis at the age of 31. However, Karabibik, which is a long story, also emerges as a first example of this effort, and here Nabizade tries to prove that the naturalistic novel, contrary to Ahmet Mithat's belief, has nothing to do with obscenity. As far as we understand from Karabibik, he did exactly this during his six-month mission in Kaş, and created Karabibik, a farmer living in Beymelek, one of the villages of Temre Plain located between the Mira Mountain Range and the Mediterranean, based on the locals he saw and observed there, studying everything from their language to their way of life. ( Excerpts from the Introduction ) Temre village is a Christian village and its people are generally engaged in trade. The houses are all made of adobe brick or rubble stone with earth mortar and all of them have almost the same interior and exterior decoration. The windows will always be frameless and glassless. Because the weather in this area is extremely hot in the summer and very mild in the winter. The roofs are covered with ordinary corrugated tiles. However, some rich people have recently started using Marseille tiles. It is also customary for each house to have a small garden. Everyone plants some vegetables such as onions and garlic in these gardens. Other vegetables are always grown in the churchyard. Being summoned to Kaş is worse than being summoned to the grave for the villagers. Because being summoned to Kaş meant being summoned to court in Kaş, which was the central district. If the merchant was a little lenient in forgiving his receivables, the court would do its job on time… Moreover, being dragged all the way there, spending a lot of money in the inns, and being without work for days discourages the villagers. ( Quotes from Karabibik )   MY EVALUATIONS:   Subject : The work is about the internal conflicts and life struggles of a villager named Karabibik, who goes through on his way to realize his dream of buying two oxen to work in his field.   Style: It was written with a naturalistic approach in order to bring visual scenes to the reader's mind as if they were inside the novel, taking the author's realism trend to a further level. In this respect, it should be stated that it is a situation-based narrative. However, it should be stated that the author has an impressive narrative in terms of both conveying the Anatolian farmer's speeches in the dialogues to the reader one-on-one and drawing a portrait of a region where the author actually worked.   Originality : The work does not prioritize originality in terms of its nature and subject. However, it should be stated that it is one of the important milestones in Turkish literature in terms of style, as it is the first village novel.   Character : The character scheme in the work is based on the main character Karabibik. The events experienced are constantly reflected to the reader through Karabibik's eyes. Apart from this, it should be stated that in the work, where there is not much room for side characters, there are generally supporting characters. This situation, considering the brevity of the work, has a positive effect on the narrative.   Fluency : When the issues expressed in the style section are taken into consideration, it is obvious that the work does not have a gripping narrative. It should also be noted that it does not aim for the gripping element as a situation-based story. However, no matter how successful the style is in drawing a portrait of the environment and character, it is obvious that it does not have a fluent narrative for the reader.   General : In the evaluation made out of 10 according to the criteria stated above:   Subject: 7 Style: 8.5 Originality: 7.5 Characters: 8 Fluency: 5.5   The overall average of the work, which received the points, is 7.3 points . Although it passes the 7 threshold, it should be noted that it will not appeal to the general readership who likes today's event-based books due to the movement it belongs to. However, it is one of the books that should definitely be examined, especially for readers who are interested in movements in Turkish literature.   (*) : All parts under the title My Quotations: KARABİBİK Author : Nabizade Nazim Publisher : Koridor Publications Edition : 2nd Edition – September 2022 The photo used on the cover was used as a quote from the book.

The Cause MY COMMENTS :   Written by our late former Prime Minister Mr. Necmettin Erbakan, the work tells the autobiography of the politician who left his mark on the course of the country.   Erbakan, who gave relatively more detailed accounts of his political years in the work, both explained his perspective on life and managed to convey the messages our religion gives to humanity to the readers from different perspectives. In particular, his statements in line with the importance of faith and belief will be seen in the section of my quotations. However, Erbakan, who repeatedly stated that he wanted to live his politics and life according to Islam, also expressed his reaction many times due to the fact that the majority of the country could not live their religious beliefs. These reactions are not accepted by a significant part of society today and were considered quite radical statements at the time they were made and caused reactions. In particular, his statements that a country with a Muslim majority should be governed according to Islamic Law caused him to directly target the military tutelage of the period. Thus, his resignation was obtained as a result of the MGK decisions, which are today referred to as the Post-modern coup, on February 28, 1997.   In his work, Erbakan has put forward many arguments that there should be a state order according to religion, by presenting different perspectives rather than the bad aspects of Islam shown by a certain group of people in the country. Since these issues are exemplified especially in the quotations section, they will not be discussed here in addition. To summarize briefly, he has argued throughout his political life that when we apply our religion to state administration in a real sense, instead of the negative events shown and exemplified, it will reach much more contemporary levels.   However, it should be stated that perhaps the greatest legacy Erbakan left behind comes from the title of the book. The concept of the cause is still expressed by our President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan today as a National Visionist. The first leader to attribute real value to the cause was Erbakan, and as is known, although there was an unpleasant transfer of the flag between him and our President at first, it was later understood that both sides were on the same side.   Erbakan, who explains the current world order with the inner workings of the United States since its foundation, states that the current order can only be changed by abandoning the interest rate system. Today, the effects of this argument on every aspect of our lives are clearly felt.   In the work, the late Erbakan gave the last quote, the Australian example, to his reader in a clear manner so that the case and the basis of this belief could be understood in the best way. His magnificent example of how changes that seem impossible at first can come to life with the fluttering of a butterfly's wings and a collective belief also clearly reveals how much he has mastered our language and literary discourses. In conclusion, the work should be considered as an important milestone in order to better understand the foundations of the cause that gave its name to the current politics of Erbakan and our current President Mr. Recep Tayyip Erdoğan and to be able to progress on this path. For this reason, the work contains messages that should be read and thoroughly understood by all Turkish citizens, regardless of their political views.   MY QUOTATIONS(*) :   All solids, liquids and gases in the world, every heated object expands and its density decreases. Every cooled object contracts and its density increases. There is only one exception to this, and that is water. Only water does not obey this rule. It is water that is +4 degrees from 100 degrees. Therefore, there is no water colder than +4 degrees at the bottom of rivers, lakes and seas. If the water at +4 degrees continues to cool and its temperature continues to decrease to +3 degrees, +2 degrees and +1 degrees, its volume begins to expand. Thus, since the weight of its unit volume decreases, it rises to the upper layers. When it reaches zero degrees, it reaches its largest volume and rises to the top of the water layer. Thus, the freezing of rivers, lakes and seas begins from the top, not the bottom. This seemingly ordinary and unnoticeable rule makes it possible for living beings living in water to live and reproduce as a divine mercy. Subhanallah means, “ O Lord, you are free from all kinds of mistakes and shortcomings .” (Münezzeh: Clean) Jihad means working with all our might and without expecting any worldly reward for the rule of God and for all humanity to attain peace and freedom. “ Our cause is Islam. Our aim is to gain the approval of Allah. Our goal is to establish the rule of justice. Our desire is the happiness of all humanity. Our path is jihad. Our path is the method of persuasion. The salvation of humanity is only possible through Islam. Islam is the structure of Allah. Therefore, it is perfect and does not accept deficiency or excess. Not everyone is lucky enough to work for this cause. Whether you work day and night or just sit back and relax. You cannot advance the success of this rightful cause by a single day or delay it by a single day. The whole issue is how we will be tested in this honorable cause .” The average weight of nerves in a 70-kilogram person is only 70 grams. There are stages to accomplishing a job; belief, knowledge, plan, program, staff, follow-up and conclusion, that is, finalization. And conclusion. That is, to complete the job completely, to be sure of it. If you believe, you are superior. Victory is surely for those who believe, and victory is near. The Egyptian scholar Ptolemy said that the sun had to rotate around itself 260 times in order to return to the same place in space, in other words, to pass a year. In other words, he calculated a year as 260 days. However, Al-Battani showed that Ptolemy was wrong in his thinking and that a year was 365 days, 5 hours, 46 minutes and 22 seconds. Those who study trigonometry and are relatively older know that in the past, instead of the words sine and cosine, the words ceyb and tamam-ı ceyb were used when studying trigonometry. In our high school textbooks written thirty years ago, these are called ceyb. The word ceyb is an Arabic word. For the first time, Muslim scholars during the time of Caliph Ma'mun used this word when measuring distance. The people of that time compared this length to a pocket and called it ceyb, which is our Turkish word for pocket. Even the name of the science of algebra comes from an Islamic scholar named al-Jabir. Europeans call it al-Gebra (Algebra). Since they cannot bring themselves to say al-Jabir, they attribute it to al-Jabir's name by saying al-Gebra. As a result of this symbolic working principle, the words “Annuit Coeptis” are written on the pyramid on the dollar. This means “ Victory has been achieved ”. The words “Novus Orda Seclorum” under the pyramid mean “ New World Order ”. D-8 countries, consisting of Indonesia, Malaysia, Bangladesh, Pakistan, Iran, Egypt, Turkey and Nigeria, have emerged as a core structure with their geographical locations and representation. While the "Just Economic Order" allows profit, which is a guiding and encouraging element of the economy based on right, it does not allow interest, which is a means of injustice and exploitation. It also takes free market competition and property rights as a basis, and gives place to their benefits, while protecting the economy and people from their harms by not allowing monopolisation. As is known, in mathematics, a system is described with the basic principles that accept that system as true, in other words, with "axioms". Years ago, a very large cyclone was detected in the south of Australia. This cyclone was moving north. It was feared that this huge cyclone would go to India and China and kill hundreds of thousands of people in the region. The cyclone was coming, filled with all kinds of energy. While everyone was expecting a great disaster, suddenly it turned towards the ocean at the last moment after passing Australia and going to India and China. The cyclone discharged all its energy into the ocean and humanity was saved from a great disaster. Meteorologists, physicists and chemists got mobilized. What they investigated was this: How did this enormous power, this huge cyclone change direction at the last moment? What happened that it turned towards the ocean when it was supposed to come from the north of Australia and wreak havoc in Asia? They started to investigate this. Finally, they unanimously determined the following: That exact date is the butterfly migration season in Australia. At the same time, millions of butterflies start flapping their wings for this migration. The wings of the butterflies come together in the air and create a tremendous energy. And this energy causes that hurricane to change direction.   MY EVALUATIONS:   Subject : The autobiography of the late Mr. Necmettin Erbakan, who left his mark on the course of our country, is discussed in the work.   Style: Although it is known that Erbakan was an engineer, it is seen that his witty temperament and effective eloquence are combined with words in a way that is quite suitable for the written language. In this respect, the work has managed to present the messages it wants to give to its reader with simple and clear expressions from beginning to end through extraordinary exemplification methods. Therefore, it should be stated that the work is also valuable in terms of literature.   Originality : The work will not be evaluated in this category due to its type.   Character : The work will not be evaluated in this category due to its type.   Fluency : When the issues expressed in the style section are taken into consideration, it is obvious that the work is written in a fluent language. However, when Erbakan's political life is considered, the reader may feel that more gripping memoirs should have been included.   General : In the evaluation made out of 10 according to the criteria stated above:   Subject: 8.5 Style: 8.5 Fluency: 7.5   The overall average of the work, which received 8.2 points, is 8.2 . Despite its genre, the work is one of the rare autobiographical books that passed the 8 threshold and definitely contains messages that should be examined.   (*) : All parts under the title My Quotations: THE CAUSE Author : Necmettin Erbakan Publisher : MGV Publications Edition : 3rd Edition – Ankara 2014 The photo used on the cover was used as a quote from the book.

MY COMMENTS :   The work written by HG Wells discusses the author's views and thoughts on World War I.   The author stated that the World War was an important tool for drawing the map of Europe in its full sense, and that if this opportunity was not used, it would lead to other wars.   However, when one researches his life, it will be revealed that the British author had important acquaintances, especially in the state. Therefore, it should be stated that he is one of the important writers for those who want to analyze the functioning of the state and the political evaluations of the country in a healthy way.   He also gave brief information about the first distribution in Europe that was not done properly and the widespread anti-Semitism that disturbed people throughout the continent. It should be stated that he played a major role in the rescue of Stefan Zweig and many Jews in the Second World War and their becoming British citizens.   Again, the author, who also made many analyses against the Germans, especially gave too much space to some English praises and showed his own country as the only face of the monarchy that was not feared, which clearly shows itself as a curtain used to cover up the democracy story they are trying to "distribute" to the world.   The author, who stated that the Germans should not be freed from their people but from their state, did not refrain from expressing such statements about preventing Russian nationalism. It can also be briefly said that he indirectly stated that the main purpose of these statements was to put obstacles in front of potential British rivals in the eastern and western countries.   Especially regarding the islands, the fact that he did not have a problem with seeing the Greeks there temporarily and waited for Turkey's mistake to establish its sovereignty in that region after the Balkan War can be considered as an indication of how much the plans of other countries were accepted even by their intellectuals.   The author, who clearly stated that the elimination of Russian thought had been the goal of the British since then, seems to be among those who have shown that the aim of creating an international society purified from religious and traditional feelings has been an established goal since the beginning of the 20th century.   Thus, it is clearly understood that the idea defended by the author has an understanding that plans for the destruction of the traditions and customs of states and societies, and for both economic and cultural invasion. The fact that his statement at the end of the book clearly expresses this also serves as a helper for us to understand the other explanations more clearly.   Although the author particularly states that the intellectual segments of eastern countries should be put into a certain mold and show the direction to the other parts of the society, he also indirectly underlines that this segment should be a segment that is oriented towards the West, which is an important criterion for intellectual evaluation. In the example he gives especially about the Russians, it is seen that only a certain segment of the society lives in a modern and enlightened way and that these people resemble the Westerners. In addition, looking at the other segments as ignorant and definitely controlled and brought to the desired level can also provide us with an idea about the initiatives made regarding the recent past of our country.   As can be seen, the work, which provides a brief explanation of how not only eastern states like Turkey but also old empires like Russia, Germany and Hungary should be reduced and destroyed with the support of England, needs to be understood by people all over the world. Because it can be clearly understood from the book that the techniques used have not changed much.   In conclusion, the work can be considered as one of the important works that every Turkish youth should read to learn what they should protect regarding their country and lands, what they should continue to do and who their real enemies are.   MY QUOTATIONS(*) :   But let it be known: Europe's struggle is with the German State, not with the German people; not with race, but with the system. Alanya's old traditions are very civilized and peaceful. The German is not a naturally good soldier; he is orderly and obedient, but not agile and cunning. Since his one famous military success (the brief occupation of Paris in 1870 and 1871), the conditions of modern warfare have changed almost completely. The obedient mass of soldiers has been replaced by the agile enterprise of individualized soldiers. The German army is a dream for the supporters of conscription; it is an army twenty years behind modern conditions. Lord Maffick bought all the flour in his neighborhood; flour is history. Now Lord Maffick says he bought it to distribute to his poor neighbors (all the rich will use that excuse now), but such a purchase is bad for prices and for Lord Maffick's reputation. The present danger facing England is not the German army or the German fleet, but this morally corrupt class of our society. It must not be forgotten that the present food shortage is an artificial problem created by short-sighted rich people and cunning merchants. Weltpolitik was the imperialist foreign policy adopted by the German Empire during the reign of Emperor Wilhelm II. The first thing Kraft wanted to teach us was the Customs Duty Reform, “taxing foreigners”. You get rich without paying a single penny. You get a national income from imported goods and also, since customs duty imports are prevented, domestic trade develops. Two birds with one stone (flying in different directions). All the emperors and kings we know have a natural, dangerous, and intense ambition, compared with the conditions of a Republic. Our monarchy is the additional exception to the rule. There is no reason why we should multiply these war centers. If we do not think about the map of Europe, we shall soon be fighting pointless wars. That is why we free Englishmen must all draw a new map of Europe, first on paper and then on the world. A truly helpless and ignorant mass. Above these peasants are very enlightened and intelligent people. They are the only ones who reflect the Western society in which we live. They are composed of officials in the government machine, which was mainly strengthened by Peter I, to control the minds and bodies of the peasant masses, or of individual individuals who are unwillingly tied to this machine and knotted together. At the head of this structure is the tragic figure of the Tsar, whose initiative is measured by his individual talents. What I have described is a brief summary of Russia, and it is unlike any other nation. It must teach its people to read, increase the number of schools and universities; in this way the Russia we now fear will become a completely different country. The fist of traditionalism must be loosened, the outlook of officialdom must be intellectually changed, religious conservatism must be abandoned... In short, "Russian thought" must be completely eliminated. Jews who cannot control their selfishness are open to being hated by immature humanity. There is only one civilized country that Russia really threatens, and that is Sweden. It would be in Russia's interest to seize Sweden's coal and iron mines. The Greek presence on the islands of Epirus and Cyprus can be compensated for. Macedonia is also available for Bulgaria. Everyone is aware of the natural expansion of the two northern countries, and if Turkey makes a stupid move or flounders in this crisis, the natural and logical arrangements that will follow are possible. The only reason why these countries prevent us from making moves is that the first Balkan Union collapsed and no longer inspires confidence. The whole reality of this war is about the mind. It is a clash of cultures and nothing more. Guns only kill and others are born to take their place, our real aim is to kill ideas. The ultimate aim of war is propaganda, the destruction of certain beliefs and their replacements. What reasonable people should do is to take up this propaganda. Reason without faith is the devil, but faith without reason is a negligent angel armed with rusty swords. This European disaster is the tragedy of the weak but virtuous Christian will.   MY EVALUATIONS:   Subject : The work deals with the author's views and thoughts on World War I.   Style: It is obvious that the plain and clear narrative seen in the author's other works is also seen in this book. However, it should be stated that there is no chronological order in the narrative. This situation can cause the reader to lose attention due to the sudden transitions between some events. However, the fact that some examples from world history are given in expressing more thoughts and opinions has made communication with the reader more understandable and based on concrete data. This issue can be seen as an important element to draw the reader in, especially in works in this category.   Fluency : The work has a fluent narrative from beginning to end, also due to the effect of its style. The lack of a sense of chronological flow in the narrative alone may cause difficulties for the reader in establishing the integrity of meaning in some sections, but it does not affect the messages intended to be given in any way. However, it should also be stated that the work cannot be expected to be gripping in terms of its subject and genre.   General : In the evaluation made out of 10 according to the criteria stated above:   Subject: 8 Style: 7.5 Fluency: 8   The overall average of the work, which received the scores, is 7.8 points . As can be seen, the work exceeds the 7 threshold and almost approaches 8 points. It should be stated again that it is one of the books that people of all ages should read due to the important lesson-like narration and messages it contains.   (*) : All parts under the title My Quotations: THE WAR THAT WILL END WAR Author : H.G. Wells Publisher : Maviçatı Publications Edition : 1st Edition - 2022 Istanbul The photo used on the cover was used as a quote from the book.

MY COMMENTS :   The work, written by Omar Khayyam, includes quatrains about humanity and religious beliefs of the famous thinker, writer and scientist Omar Khayyam, as well as his views on life.   The author, who lived in the 11th century and discovered many astronomy, geometry and mathematical formulas that are still used today, is also known for his literary skills.   The author, who lived through the reign of two rulers during the Seljuk period, including the reign of Nizamulmulk, refused many political positions during his time. He mostly focused on scientific studies and wrote texts on literary issues in his spare time.   As for the quatrains you will see in the excerpts section, I would like to point out that I specifically wrote the paragraphs after the "-" sign in capital letters, as they are not shared in poetry format.   When it comes to the author's view of life, as a result of his fatalistic understanding, he has a belief that almost ignores human will, but he claims that it is not possible for a person to change their fate in this world, and therefore being good or bad is not a choice. Therefore, he argues that what a person should do in this world is to have a good time, pursue worldly pleasures and be happy. As can be seen from the quotes in his quatrains, these views are expressed with sentences that are rebellious even about his belief in God.   However, the author, who has very valuable quatrains about the transience of the world, argues that human life should be lived for pleasure and not taken seriously. It is obvious that such a social structure ignores the fact that it will live like a parasite instead of producing nothing and doing things that are beneficial to neither humanity nor the world.   Therefore, the author interprets Islam in a way that takes the easy way out and does not even see it necessary for people to do anything to correct their own mistakes. This situation, especially since the 17th century, has been the scene of the efforts of European Orientalists to present the ideas of some Islamic thinkers as if they were the foundation of Islam. As can be seen in this work, the author's claim that heaven is made of wine and houris is exactly the understanding that Orientalists tried to adapt to the Islamic world.   Despite all this, Omar Khayyam, who pioneered many scientific developments during his lifetime and signed studies that would guide scientists even in the following centuries, always had only one request from the Seljuk State for the opportunities it wanted to provide him: a laboratory and a room where he could perform his art. In this respect, it is understood that he had an understanding that confirms both his fondness for worldly pleasures and the quatrains he wrote about his satiety with rank and position.   Although the author does not seem to be interested in worldly pleasures and does not have permanent pursuits, when the permanence of the works he left behind is taken into consideration, it clearly shows that a person must have other competencies in life. Otherwise, a life lived only for pleasure without doing anything will be a life that will be wasted and wasted.   Finally, it is obvious that the messages contained in the work are one of those books that should be carefully examined to learn lessons about life. In this respect, it should be stated that it is definitely one of the books that should be read.   MY QUOTATIONS(*) : Abu'l Feth Omar bin Ibrahim al-Khayyami, known as Omar Khayyam, was born in the city of Nishlabur in Iran. The name "Khayyam", meaning "tentmaker, tent master", was given to him because of his father's profession. The Seljuks ruled over a region that included Mesopotamia, Syria, Palestine and most of Iran between 1038 and 1040. In 1055, the Seljuk ruler Tugrul Bey captured Baghdad. Omar Khayyam grew up in this region, where education was very difficult and the political structure was mixed under the Seljuk rule. In 1070, he settled in Samarkand, one of the oldest cities in Central Asia. Tuğrul Bey declared the city of Isfahan as the capital of the empire and in 1073 he assigned his son Melikşah to govern this city. Khayyam's orderly life and scientific studies were disrupted by the chaos caused by the throne struggles that broke out after the death of Malikshah in 1092 and the assassination of his vizier Nizamulmulk. In 1118, Melikşah's third son Sanjar became the Seljuk ruler. It is known that during this period, Khayyam left Isfahan and settled in the city of Merv in Turkmenistan, the new capital of the Seljuks. ( End of the preface and quotes about the period when Omar Khayyam lived ) Do you really want to know hell? - Hell in this world is talking to an unqualified person. From today to tomorrow you cannot reach, - Your thought of tomorrow is an empty dream, know this! - If you are at all sane this moment - Do not waste it, the rest of your life is uncertain! When God created us from clay - He knew what our work would be in this world - The sins I commit are all by his command - Then why will he burn me on the Day of Judgment! There is no science left in the universe that I do not know; - There are very few secrets that I do not know. - I thought day and night for seventy-two years; - Finally, I understood that everything remained unknown. In my right hand is a rose glass, in my left is the Quran-i Mubin, (rose-colored, clear: distinguishing right from wrong, obvious) - Sometimes we are companions of the lawful, sometimes the forbidden is our companion. - We are not immature but we are not mature at all, - We are neither complete infidels nor complete Muslims There was a drop of water, it became one with the sea, - There was a particle of soil, it was leveled to the ground, - What is the use of you coming to the world and going away? - As if a fly came and then disappeared. We are truly on a puppet stage: - Puppeteer Master Felek, and we are the puppets. - We go out to the play, one by one, two by two; - when the play is over, we are all in the ballot box. A glass in one hand, the Quran in the other; - One of our actions is lawful, the other is forbidden. - In this half-baked world - We are neither complete infidels nor complete Muslims! To kill and to give life is your business; - You are the one who arranges this world as you wish. - Let's say I am bad, whose fault is it? - Aren't you the one who created me like this? Many people came, they wanted everything; - Finally they left the world and went; - It seems like you will never leave, right? - Those who went were all like you. For the truly saintly, beautiful and ugly are all the same; - For lovers, heaven and hell are all the same; - Whether the one who gives himself is dressed in silk or sackcloth; - Whether his pillow is cotton or thorns, it is all the same. A person cannot live without food and clothing: - There is no harm in struggling for these. - Beyond that, whether it happens or not: - It is not worth selling this beautiful life. This world will not be left to anyone, you should know; - Sooner or later, it digs a pit for everyone. - Suppose you lived as long as Nu with difficulty - Won't you disappear in the end? If a man earns bread every other day, - If he drinks a sip of cool water from a broken jug, - Why should he be a servant to someone lesser? - Why should he be a servant to his equal? The sustenance distributed by the just does not increase one jot, nor decrease one jot. Therefore, we should not grieve over what is not there, and we should not care about what is there!   MY EVALUATIONS:   Subject : The work includes quatrains and life views of the famous thinker, writer and scientist Omar Khayyam regarding his humanity and religious beliefs.   Style: Although the work is in the verse genre and was written in the 11th century, it definitely has an exemplary style due to the simplicity and clarity of the author's use of language. In this respect, it continues to be read 1000 years after it was written, which is an indication of how enduring the works of the famous author were still able to leave.   Originality : The work provides advice on religious thought and lifestyle according to the period in which it was written. However, considering that many works from the period in question contain didactic elements in this way, it is difficult to consider it as an original work.   Character : The work will not be evaluated in this category due to its nature.   Fluency : Considering the issues mentioned in the style section, it should be stated that although the work is in the verse genre, it is among the fluent books when the messages it contains and the harmony of rhymes and rhymes in the quatrains are taken into account. However, it should be noted that it is not a gripping work in terms of its subject.   General : In the evaluation made out of 10 according to the criteria stated above:   Subject: 8 Style: 9 Originality: 6 Fluency: 9   The overall average of the work that received these scores is 8 points . Although it may not seem interesting to many prose readers as a work of poetry, it should be stated that it is one of the books that should be carefully examined at length and learned from by the messages that can definitely break this prejudice.   (*) : All parts in the title Quotations: RUBAIS Author : Omar Khayyam Publisher : Olympia Publications The photo used on the cover was used as a quote from the book.

MY COMMENTS :   Written by Assoc. Prof. Dr. Mehmet Bayrakdar, the work covers the life of Yunus Emre, the period in which he lived, and his world of ideas.   As can be seen in the quotations section, the parts indicated in italics are the parts directly quoted from Yunus Emre's works. The other parts should be indicated as the parts where the author explains and interprets Yunus Emre's words and thoughts.   Yunus Emre, who had a personality and a world of ideas far ahead of his time, clearly shows that he was one of the rare thinkers who managed to explain the creation of humanity in a version very close to our day. It is also observed that during the time the author lived, the Ottoman Principality was in the establishment stages and there were many principalities in Anatolia. However, it can also be observed that he was far ahead of his geography in terms of science and the world of ideas.   In addition, Yunus Emre, who clearly reveals the distinction between the current meaning of love and its original meaning, actually refers to the essence that creates a person when he says love (Işk in the original Oghuz Turkish). When viewed from this perspective, it becomes even clearer at the beginning of the work that love is everything that belongs to a person.   The author, who also expresses the types of love in detail, manages to clearly express the definitions between Yunus Emre's view of love, which consists of two types: existential love and comedic love.   It is also clear that Yunus Emre, who clearly stated that everything has its opposite, still has very meaningful messages in his views, 750 years after they were written. In this respect, he continues to show everyone that he is a folk poet who managed to win people's hearts with his immortal and permanent works.   Yunus Emre, who also made important observations about death, especially stated that man finds himself in the arms of death from the moment he is born, and he talks about the importance of man's spiritual death as soon as possible. The author states that this means that man should be at peace with death, especially by killing his ego and not being too attached to life.   The work, which provides a very clear understanding of Sufi philosophy and world views, shows that it is definitely one of the books that should be examined by readers who want to do research and gather information about Yunus Emre in the real sense. It should also be considered as a bedside book that can appeal to everyone thanks to the important lessons that readers of all ages can apply to their lives.   MY QUOTATIONS(*) :   Just as a person does not have to be a philosopher by profession in order to have philosophy, that is, systematic thought, not everyone who is a philosopher by profession has philosophy. According to the information given about him in Yunus Emre's works, it is certain that he lived between the second half of the 13th century and the first half of the 14th century (1240-1321). The fact that Velayet-Names show him as being from Sivrihisar's Sarıköy and say that he died there does not solve the problem. Because there was not a single Sivrihisar and Sarıköy in Anatolia since ancient times. It is a generally accepted view that Yunus Emre was a poor Turkmen peasant and was a farmer in his youth. We can say that Yunus Emre's life covers a period from a year or two before the Battle of Kösedağ, which led to the Mongol invasion of Anatolia and took place in 1243, to the last years of Osman Bey's reign. Realizing that they could not cope with the Mongols, the Anatolian Seljuk administration made an agreement with them on the condition that they would be free to do their internal affairs but be dependent on them in their external affairs in return for the heavy taxes they would pay annually. Thus, Gıyasettin II and the Anatolian Seljuk State under his leadership came under the yoke of the Mongols. After the death of Gıyasettin II, there were great rebellions in Anatolia; the beys and princes fell out with each other in the fight for the throne. Taking advantage of this, the Mongol commander Baycu marched to Anatolia again with a large army in 1256. Baycu, who came as far as Konya, enthroned Rükneddin Kılıçarslan IV and did not leave Anatolia for a while. The people, who were suffering from the Mongol invasion, lost hope in the central administration and began to gather around their own beys. States within the state were formed. Thus, the unity of the Anatolian Turks was broken. According to the Velayet-Names, it is learned that Yunus began his first spiritual education by receiving inspiration from Hacı Bektaş Veli at a middle age, or even a young age. Although most writers accept this, this narration, which has an anecdotal value, is not historically correct in our opinion. Because, although Yunus Emre mentions the names of people with whom he was in contact and who guided him in his works, he never mentions the name Hacı Bektaş Veli. Secondly, if we look at the dates that some sources give as the year of Hacı Bektaş Veli's death, such as 1335 or even 1340, it becomes clear that Yunus was an older person than him. In the poems of Yunus, who knew how to use the language with an unparalleled power and skill, Oghuz Turkish took its most beautiful and pure form. “ The higher the mountain, the more the road passes over it, Yunus Emre shows the way to the pathless and says good things ”. Yunus Emre was the first Turkish poet and mystic to be translated into the Latin world. According to Yunus, love is everything: God is love; creation is love; religion and faith are love; blasphemy and rebellion are love; life and death are love; heaven and hell are love; nothingness and existence are love. In short, the essence of everything is love and everything is the work of love. According to Yunus, love, being everything, is the principle and essence on the ontological plane; in other words, love is the quality of existence. (its essence) Yunus Emre preferred the word "işk" instead of the word "aşk". Because "işk" has a wider meaning than the word "aşk" and there is a difference in quality between them. While "aşk" expresses a more emotional and profane love and affection, "işk" expresses a sublime and spiritual love. Although Yunus Emre was not the first to make the distinction between "aşk" and "işk"; this distinction was made much earlier by some Muslim thinkers, such as Ibn Sina. However, as we have tried to explain above, Yunus was the first to see love in the sense of "işk" as the essence and principle of everything. With love, a person finds the world meaningless and surpasses himself. The more a person distances himself from the world in this sense, the more he gains value and becomes more mature. According to Yunus Emre, we call the worldly love that makes people laugh and have fun, comedic love. This is the joy and happiness that comes from the satisfaction of a person's passions and desires. It is the pleasure that wealth, position, fame and reputation give to a person. Tragic love is the true love that Jonah calls to his path. It is the exact opposite of comedic love, and it is the negation of all the feelings and thoughts that bind the world and man to worldly things. Since the world of reality consists of both, knowledge of the truth can only be achieved by knowing the positives and negatives together. This is why Yunus believes that in order to move towards true love, a person must first know what the negatives are. If a person clings to only the positive qualities and ignores the negatives, they may not be completely happy. Existential love is the way a person gives meaning to his/her own self, personality and society through the ideal of divine love. According to Yunus, self-alienation is actually necessary for a person to find himself again. A person's personality is what he wants to see in another, what he wants to think about him, and what he wants to feel for him. From here, there is a view of personality that finds its definition in the meaning of our proverb " A person is a mirror of another " by Yunus Emre. According to Yunus, faith is essentially love and loving. Blasphemy is lovelessness. Whatever one loves, that is one’s faith. Whatever one dislikes, that is one’s sultan (authority). In this sense, faith and blasphemy mean attachment: “ Whatever you love is your faith, whatever you dislike is your sultan. ” Faith teaches man what he is lacking and leads him to seek it. However, unbelief arises from man seeing himself as perfect and causes him to close his eyes to the truth. According to Yunus, if the essence and purpose of worship is to lead a person to the love of God, then the person who has attained such love is always in worship. Everyone is obliged to worship as religion commands. However, according to Yunus, worship is real worship when it is done in accordance with its spirit and purpose. While Yunus calls the knowledge gained by studying in a school and from a teacher as “knowledge”, he calls the knowledge gained by reading from the book of love as “ wisdom ” or “ knowledge ”. Those who deal with the appearance of things, those who deal with the theoretical rules and methods of religion called Sharia, are only those who fit knowledge into narrow frameworks. Yunus does not call knowledge that does not teach the truth of man knowledge. Knowledge is man knowing himself. If man does not know his own truth, he cannot know anything properly. “ The need to study knowledge is to know yourself, if you do not know yourself, you are worse than an animal. Knowledge is to know knowledge, knowledge is to know yourself, if you do not know yourself, what good is reading? ” According to Yunus, fate means that man chooses with his own will among the actions and behaviors created by God. Therefore, responsibility arises for man. Being born means dying; as soon as a person steps into the world with birth, he falls into the clutches of death. According to Yunus, there is a physical death, which is the separation of the soul from the body. Death is intertwined with life, and life means death; it is necessary to experience death while still in the world. It means knowing how to approach it instead of running away from it, and how to love it instead of fearing it. According to Yunus Emre, in this world where the ultimate end is death, man must kill his ego and worldly passions. This is the first step towards reaching immortality. With spiritual death, a person reunites with God while still in this world and finds his own self. According to Yunus, death is also a feeling and a phenomenon that forms the true self of a person. (When spiritual death is mentioned here, it is especially the killing of the soul that is in question.) Yunus Emre accepts that the second main way of social and political peace and order is morality. Morality is an indispensable principle for both social and individual love. " If the rights of your neighbor are on your neck, you may as well avoid hell tomorrow ." " Oh, you heedless one, don't stretch your eyes to the flattery of your thoughts, don't look at your own life, don't look at anyone's faults " “ Our name is poor, our enemy is spite, we do not hold a grudge against anyone, everyone is one to us .” “ If you have broken hearts once, it is not the prayer you pray, even two lost nations will not wash your hands and face .” " This is my crime to twenty-two nations, I said it rightly, fear is treason, why would I be angry? " (Yunus Emre states that those who are really committing treason are those who incite religious and sectarian divisions, and expresses that he will not be offended or angry with those who accuse him.) “ The manis of the four books are clear in an elif, a didürmegıl bana ben bu yolar ” (Here it is stated that the ultimate purpose of the four books is to teach man about God. According to Yunus, when a person learns the first letter of the Arabic alphabet “Elif”, which represents the name of Allah in Sufi literature, he learns that the four books will teach.) “ I read the manis of the four books and I understood it, When I came to I saw that it was a long syllable ” " I did not come for the sake of healing, my job is to love, the home of the friend is hearts, I came to make hearts " “ I neither rejoice in existence nor lament in non-existence, I console myself with light, I need you, you ”   MY EVALUATIONS:   Subject : The work covers the life of the famous thinker, the period in which he lived, and his world of ideas.   Style: Thanks to the clear and plain narration of the author in terms of style, the work has managed to convey all the issues that were intended to be told about Yunus Emre to the reader in an analytical order and has also provided the reader with the opportunities to think like Yunus Emre. Therefore, it is seen that it has been written in a style that makes it easier to understand both the life and the world of ideas of the famous poet, as if the author is taking the reader back 750 years and chatting with him.   Fluency : Considering the issues expressed in the style section, it is not possible to evaluate the work as an engaging work in terms of its subject. However, it should be noted that it definitely has a very fluent narrative for its type with its simple and clear narrative.   General : In the evaluation made out of 10 according to the criteria stated above:   Subject: 8.5 Style: 8.5 Fluency: 8.5   The overall average of the work, which received the scores, is 8.5 points . As can be seen, the work should be considered as one of the important bedside books that people of all ages should definitely read.   (*) : All parts in the title Quotations: YUNUS EMRE AND THE PHILOSOPHY OF LOVE Author : Assoc. Prof. Dr. Mehmet Bayrakdar Publisher : Türkiye İş Bankası Culture Publications Edition : 1st Edition - 1991 The photo used on the cover was used as a quote from the book.

MY COMMENTS :   The subject is the autobiographical work of George Orwell, one of the writers who left his mark on the 20th century of world literature, in which he describes his childhood.   The sociological structure of the British Empire in the late 1800s and 1900s is touched upon, and a portrait of what it was like to be a child in that period is drawn, based on the author's own observations of other classmates.   First of all, it is clearly understood that in the education system of England at that time, other than 15 state schools, other schools were not very effective and that the aim was for a child from a low-income family who wanted to save his life to study in those schools and become a civil servant as a method of salvation. Unfortunately, like the education systems of many countries with the same understanding, this system is still applied to children in our country without them realizing it.   Again, although it is a state school, its structure is seen to be distributed in 3 categories, just like today's private schools, as students from very rich segment, upper-middle segment and students from low-income families who are educated with scholarships. The psychological pressure and traumas experienced by the author as a student from a low-income family are also mentioned in detail.   Although these are considered general statements about the mental structure of children, it is clear that the author has made quite acceptable observations based on his own childhood. In addition, many general problems experienced by the child of an average low-income family are clearly explained.   As a result, the work shows that it is one of the books that should definitely be examined by both a period study and autobiography readers who are interested in the life story of the famous author.   MY QUOTATIONS(*) :   George Orwell, or Eric Arthur Blair, was a novelist, journalist and critic who was one of the pioneer writers of English literature. He completed his education at Eton and returned to England after serving 15 years in the Indian Imperial Police. ( My Preface Quotes ) Another reason I cried was a deeper sadness, specific to childhood and not easy to describe: a sense of desolate loneliness and helplessness… a sense of being trapped not only in a hostile world but also in a world of good and evil, where the rules were this way and there was no way I could follow them. Sin was not just what you did, but also what was done against you. In general, a person's memories of any given period become weaker the further away he or she is from those memories. As new facts are learned, old ones are swept aside to make way for new ones. In my era, an increasing number of boys were going to Eton. (It is one of the oldest and most elite private schools in England. Founded by King Henry VI in 1441, the school only accepted boys between the ages of 13 and 19 as boarders.) Most were the children of wealthy families, but these families were generally wealthy and not aristocratic. Massacre of St. Bartholomew ( The beginning of the massacre was the assassination of the King of France XI. Charles' mother Catherine de Medicis, who was known for her closeness to Spain, against the king's Protestant assistant Admiral Gaspard de Coligny on August 20, 1572. The Catholic nobles, who survived the incident with injuries and organized a second attack to kill Coligny, who was lying in his house with serious injuries, succeeded, but this time they caused an unstoppable massacre. At dawn on August 24, 1572, Catholics dressed in white crosses attacked the Protestants sleeping in their houses. It is estimated that more than 30,000 Protestants were killed in the massacre, which first started in Paris .) Treaty of Utrecht ( Peace treaty signed in 1713 between France, Spain, Great Britain, the Duchy of Savoy and the Netherlands, ending the War of the Spanish Succession .) I doubt whether classical education was or could have been successfully conducted without physical punishment. Even the children themselves believed in its effectiveness. There were three socioeconomic classes in the school. A minority of aristocrats or millionaires… The children of the average suburban rich, who made up the bulk of the school… And the children of clergymen, Indian officials, and widows, which was the group I was in… The fact that if I didn't get a scholarship to a state school, I had no chance of a decent future was impressed on me at an early age. If I didn't get a scholarship, I would have to leave school at fourteen and become, as Sambo (the schoolmaster) famously put it, " a little office boy with forty pounds a year ." In my case, it was normal to believe this. Indeed, it is generally accepted at St. Creprians that if you don't get into a good state school (of which there are about fifteen in all), your life is ruined. It is not easy to describe to an adult the feeling of tension, of being irritated by others, or the desire to fight. A child accepts the codes of conduct presented to him, even if he violates them. From the age of eight, and even earlier, the consciousness of sin has never been a distant concept to me. If I have appeared to you insensitive and defiant, it is only because of a thin veil of shame and terror. No one can look back on their school days and admit that they were completely unhappy. I learned early that a person can do wrong against another's will, and I soon realized that a person can do wrong without ever realizing what he is doing or why it is wrong. What was extraordinary was the way in which everyone accepted that the bloated wealth of the British upper and upper-middle classes would last forever. It was never the same after 1918. Gone were the snobbery and expensive habits. Life was hierarchical and whatever happened was right. There were the strong who deserved to win and always did, and the weak who deserved to lose forever and always did. A child who seems reasonably happy may actually be experiencing a terror that he or she cannot express or describe. Not revealing your true feelings to an adult is an instinctive action from the age of seven or eight onwards. Only a child's life is real life. The school principal who thinks he is loved by his students and trusted by them is imitated and laughed at behind his back. An adult who does not seem dangerous always looks ridiculous. The weakness of a child is that he starts life with a blank slate. The child neither understands nor questions the society he lives in. But because of his naivety, other people can infect the child with a sense of inferiority and a fear of committing crimes against the law.   MY EVALUATIONS:   Subject : The subject is the autobiographical work of George Orwell, one of the writers who left his mark on the 20th century of world literature, in which he describes his childhood.   Style: It is seen that the simple and clear narrative seen in the author's works continues in this book. Thanks to this, both the psychological analyses and periodic observations in his narrative can be conveyed to the reader much more clearly.   Originality : The work will not be evaluated in this category due to its nature.   Character : The work will not be evaluated in this category due to its nature.   Fluency : Considering the issues expressed in the style section, it is obvious that it is not possible for the work to have a gripping structure due to its subject and genre. However, it should be noted that thanks to the author's style, a work that is fluent and can be easily digested and read in one go has been created.   General : In the evaluation made out of 10 according to the criteria stated above:   Subject: 8 Style: 8 Fluency: 8   The overall average of the work that received its scores is 8 points . Considering that it has reached the 8 threshold in terms of its genre, it should be stated that it is one of the books that should definitely be examined by readers of all ages.   (*) : All parts in the title Quotations: SUCH SUCH WERE THE JOYS Author : George Orwell Publisher : Fihrist Book Edition : 2nd Edition - 2021 The photo used on the cover was used as a quote from the book.

MY COMMENTS :   Written by author Samiha Ayverdi and published in 1952, the work portrays Istanbul and the Turkish people in the 1900s, and includes descriptions of important districts of Istanbul.   It is seen that the author makes it possible for the reader to experience a literary visualization, especially in terms of his command of the language and his display of the richness of the Turkish language.   The work, which also includes social descriptions of the period, shows the extent to which Western admiration has reached in the country, along with stories that touch on the excessive consumption of drugs and alcohol, especially in those years. In addition, the author, who also provides detailed information about our old culture and traditions, has clearly succeeded in showing the reader and the stage of degeneration of the society of the period. Since these traditions and cultural elements are given in detail in the quotations section, this much will be sufficient in the comments.   Despite all these negativities, it was stated that Turkey and Istanbul would always regain their civilized position in the hands of the Turks as they did in the past.   If we have to say a few things about the current situation of Istanbul, our city, which has received a lot of migration from the villages with the ongoing gold-paved soil proposal since the 1900s and has even surpassed 66 countries in the world in terms of population, has slowly entered the stage of migration to the villages. Although this situation may at first glance suggest that old cultural values should be better protected, it is obvious that attention should be paid to the nature of the migrant mass. In conclusion, it should be clearly stated that the work is one of the books that should definitely be examined, considering that it not only describes the demographic structure of our country and Istanbul very well in terms of cultural, economic and historical aspects, but also manages to embellish these descriptions with one of the most impressive literary styles possible.   MY QUOTATIONS(*) :   Istanbul, at least as much as Istanbul Turkish, is a rich composition (mixture, combination), a unique conclusion (result) compiled from all centuries and from distant and near homelands. In recent centuries, Turkey has worked so persistently to hybridize its national face a little more every day, yet Istanbul has managed to hide a national face in every corner and remain beautiful. This has always been the case throughout the ages and centuries. Mankind always watches them with eyes that have not seen, listens with ears that have not heard, and as if they are attracted to them with hardened hearts. In this way, like the heedless thieves who take the wandering ruler among them without recognizing him and who first go to rob the palace with him, we find them in our memories and think of them as one of us, unaware that their participation in our gatherings, invitations, actions and pleasures is a game. They conceal themselves under the cover of their formal attitudes and behaviors that are the same as ours in every society. Sometimes they are educated; sometimes they are ignorant… sometimes they are rich; sometimes they are poor. The enemy of remembrance, change (transformation, transformation), has made us forget the accent, color, taste and personality of the worlds we have come and gone, the reigns we have led, the disappointments and sufferings we have suffered. Thus, while making us deny the past indiscriminately, it has unfortunately also erased and destroyed the marks of those great people from our eyes and our lake. I cry with burning tears, tell me your troubles, so that I can be a servant to you and to your creator. Isn't it always that heedlessness that makes us forget the unforgettable, that we cannot see two steps ahead of us in our poor boat, which is crashing from danger to danger, from pain to pain, or from pleasure to pleasure. Human beings are creatures that have come so far in forgetfulness that they can even see the darkness of their own feelings with the sparks scattered by events and the ironies of life. Once upon a time, when Turkish taste and intelligence were working on the magnificent civilization of Istanbul, they reached out to every corner of it, embellished and decorated it, paying attention from top to bottom with a loving criticism that would not tolerate even the slightest deficiency or flaw, as if preparing a young and beautiful bride. In a world that constantly gives examples of rhythm within irregularity and harmonies made from contrasts, the plane tree of Beyazıt must be a wonderful example of this principle. When the journeyman proved his worth with the years of work in which art and morality progressed side by side, and the tradesmen decided that he should become a master among them, they would notify the young man to get ready, and this time, a larger ceremony would begin. Here, the young man would swear that he would not tarnish the honor of his profession, hands would be kissed, prayers would be said, and after the mevlid was read, the shop would be opened to the young master. At that time, the new master would need a nickname (nickname, nickname). Yes, he said that hadith is a science; unfortunately, he did not know that the field of application of this science is his own existence. The one who forbade the man who put on the guise of religion and made religious science his profession to stand still, to keep watch at the door of flat-footed ideas, to limp from behind with shaky feet while the measurements of time and space took their heads away, while he was the broad, gentle and infinitely thoughtful owner of those hadiths, Bab-ı Meşihat (Sheikh-ul-Islam) hit him on the head with the stick of ijtihad, stunning him and intimidating him whenever a current arose in the name of thought. Here, the logic of the madrasah called respect for this creation of humanity (to be obsessed with it until one gets bored) blasphemy. Thus, while the world of philosophy and science on one side and the world of matter and discoveries on the other side were running around as fast as they could, the formalist clergyman who thought that bigotry and stubbornness were two personal doomsday, unfortunately, did not forget to stone the people of heart who carried their world wherever they went and did not carry the burden of any record on their backs, as well as those who pursued the cause of science and technology. There was hardly a woman who did not share in the essential qualities of Turkish homes: cleanliness, agility and industriousness. The very rare ones, the sloppy and lazy ones, were labeled as "slobs" and isolated amidst the general contempt (scorn, humiliation) of society. Even if they were respected by their husbands or fathers, their personal grades would always and everywhere be low. It was customary for anyone who mentioned the four-skirted women condemned by the women's world to spit on the end of their collar or on the nails of their hands, fingers together, and say " Tu... tu... away from home! " as if they were spitting, so that the same laziness would not affect them, and to be shown as a warning sign to young girls. The hadith, “ A person who is full while his neighbor is hungry is not considered a believer ,” did not reach out to those in need and completely eliminate the quality of loyalty with a ruling that would overshadow every home social aid organization? And for this reason, Turkish morality provided welfare and peace within class differences without the need for the slaughterhouse (cut throats) of socialism and the savage guidance of communism. But as the east blocked its own vents and expanded its drowning channel as much as it could, everything we had accumulated over the centuries was lost among the waves of this flood. He was a drug addict, a man who had abandoned society and was faced with punishments and persecution. The drug addict who fell like a rotten fruit at the foot of the Istanbul tree and chewed haphazardly, has polluted these nights that smell like musk, with his body wrapped in the smell, flavor and air of the Istanbul nights, his rudderless perception, his disordered mind and his bad breezes from time to time. Today's man is perhaps on the way to reaching the final steps of material and technical wonders; but in terms of his inner value, he is perhaps struggling in the Gayya of Gayyas (the name of a well believed to be in Hell). The West gained a destructive, self-destructive civilization from the materialism of the last century, and counted down those who had advanced on this path of destructiveness and became masters over them in terms of matter. Oh son of man, Sufism is that tent pitched within this dome of the sky, where bigotry, treachery, hypocrisy, deceit, cruelty and corruption cannot find a way, where knowledge and humanity flow freely and without expecting anything in return, and whoever they wish, from Solomon to an ant, can enter this roof and take a deep and comfortable breath, and this will remain so until the Day of Judgment. But, alas, the son of Adam, while he is the meaning of the universe and the essence of the world, is more insensible than mountains and rocks. That mountain and stone, even with unconscious conscience, never fail to repeat and repeat the words shouted to it word for word. He who shouts the name of his beloved does not say the name of his enemy. He who shouts the name of saint receives the voice of saint. He who shouts the name of madman is answered as mad. Weddings, which were a privileged entertainment for women, would become so crowded, especially when the seats were made, and the space for the bridegroom to pass would become so narrow that the young man who left his young wife in the bridal chamber and withdrew had to resort to an elegant excuse or a trick appropriate to the weather of the day in order to be able to break through the crowd and return. If the bride was the daughter of a wealthy family, she would have two or three female servants (female slaves, concubines) with her, depending on her wealth, and in this way, she would not have to worry about the household chores and living that she did not know about. If the young woman who was the owner of a house came from a middle-class or more modest family, then it was her duty to take care of all the affairs of her house the day after the wedding. I think I forgot that in Istanbul, it is customary for the host to offer a “coffee to go” to guests who have been staying for a long time, to elegantly remind them that it is late. The proverb “The stones and soil of Istanbul are gold”, the countryman who has captured his mind with its indestructible spell, often sells his fields, ploughs and cattle for next to nothing and runs to tradesmanship, farmership, servanthood or apprenticeship with the desire of cheap and easy earnings, but when he does not hear a response from any of the doors he knocks on, he crawls hungry and miserable on the soil of the stone he expects to turn into gold. But if things go well for him, he settles his family and children he brings from his homeland in inns, in the corpses of mansions destroyed by heirs, in rooms converted from shops, or in a fellow countryman’s house, and thus a family life that he has added to the poverty and ignorance, almost completely separate and deprived of the privileges and blessings of the city, rolls on untidy, tasteless and unkempt. Especially the rude crowd of the porter community from Siirt, which formed neighborhoods, used to look down on the city they lived in and to show loyalty to the living conditions of the country where they were born and raised, and therefore, they used to bring down the social level of the neighborhood they lived in. Certainly, the ancient man knew how to love much more strongly than today. He was brought up with a more suitable upbringing to know that love is what unties every knot, solves every difficulty, overcomes every difficulty, thwarts every cause, and makes everything impossible happen. The Beyoğlu mentality has always known how to take advantage of the weakness, confusion, hesitation and laxity of faith of the homeless Istanbulites. Worst of all, the disease of considering the enemy as friend and the friend as enemy has kept the doors of opportunity open for arsonists even in our times of power and strength. We have a lover, maybe we have seen him once, and maybe we cannot find an answer even if we ask him questions about his eyes and eyebrows. But still, he is the only one we know with a perfect sensitivity (emotion), and because we cannot forget, he is the only one we cannot forget. In Üsküdar, where the working and business environment had become very narrow compared to the old times, earning a living was left to a very small group, and this crowd, which flocked to Istanbul every day because of the alimony, and which had almost no artisans, merchants, or tradesmen, was made up of the majority of the civil servant class. In the old days, it was customary to name this civil servant class working in state institutions with the word katip. In fact, in folk psychology, the word katip had a very broad and popular, and at the same time, a very deep meaning, which was endearing. He had a handwriting like a katip whose calligraphy was desired to be praised, he spoke like a katip to those who were rich in expression, he was a man like a katip in terms of knowledge and eloquence (ease of speaking properly), he was unique in being a katip, with wayward rulings, he was always shown as an example of skill, knowledge, understanding, and expression. The day comes when a person who has been a candidate for a long time, who has lived in the atmosphere of the lodge he wants to be affiliated with (attach to, enter) and whose familiarity and intimacy increases, will finally be accepted into the order according to the rules and procedures of the lodge. In the semahane (the section where dervishes hold special rituals in Mevlevi lodges) where his four caliphs are present, the sheikh would sit the dervish who came with his guide in front on his fur spread on the ground and hold his hand and after receiving an oath that he will be direct with his hand, waist and tongue, and that he will serve and love Allah and people with love and enthusiasm, he would congratulate and pray for him. The dervish would kiss the hands of his sheikh and those present and thus take his first step into the order. The new dervish was first assigned to the coffee house and became the apprentice of the coffee nakibi, then the coffee nakibi, and when he advanced a degree further, he was promoted to the nakibi of the square (the leader or deputy of a tribe), and then to the nakibi. However, undoubtedly, while following all these practices, the main issue was not only the fulfillment of the requirements of a gradual chain, but an endless self-struggle (work, effort), a state of purification, selection and calmness on the way to determining and fulfilling the values that he would give of himself and take for himself. There is a degree of beauty that the pleasure felt from it is no longer pleasure, but pain. Perhaps it is not pain at all, but an unflavored taste that the sense and consciousness have never tasted with the lips of humanity.   MY EVALUATIONS:   Subject : In the work, a portrait of Istanbul and Turkish people in the 1900s is drawn, and depictions of important districts of Istanbul are the subject.   Style: The book, which the author has created by combining the vocabulary and old Turkish expressions with modern Turkish, should be considered as one of the literary masterpieces in this respect alone. Moreover, for an author who uses old Turkish words, he distinguishes himself considerably from other old writers in this field by using an absolutely understandable description and vocabulary.   Originality : The work will not be evaluated in this category due to its nature.   Character : The work will not be evaluated in this category due to its nature.   Fluency : Considering the issues expressed in the subject and style sections, the work should only be examined in terms of fluency, as it does not have a compelling plot. Although old Turkish expressions are sometimes used, the lack of elaborate language should be considered a positive effect on fluency.   General : In the evaluation made out of 10 according to the criteria stated above:   Subject: 8.5 Style: 9 Fluency: 7.5   The overall average of the work, which received the scores, is 8.3 points . As can be seen, the work should definitely be noted as one of the books that should be examined, especially for literature and history enthusiasts.   (*) : All parts in the title Quotations: İSTANBUL NIGHTS Author : Samiha Ayverdi Publisher : Kubbealtı Publications Edition : 5th Edition - 2007 The photo used on the cover was used as a quote from the book.